





:- •^<?. c-v* .'fSiEi*'. -ec A^ /^V/*:-. "^^^ c>* «'<si^'- -e^ ^^ »'^ 























>*■ »»:^% 






O,. *..'•* ^0 



' I • °» «>«. 



''^ .i.:^'* 



'<^ *o.c 









^ *.-^7r»' A 



^ ^0-n^ 
















:. '-^Ao^ o, 










>' ..' 




.. -^^/ ^'^'"'"^ °-%p** /%. •-'W^/ ^^ 



:, \ 







"oV" 














•=Co. t'^' 
















^^0^ «. 



•^^0^ 

.^*^°- 






v'^-,/ "o^*^-%o'> V^^\/ "°^*^-'%o' V^^*\/ V^-%°' 



"<^. 



,v;^'"'e.. o°^.^i'/°o .**\c:;;^. ^-e.. c°^.t^%>o ..^^\c:^/"-. /.'^>"°o .- 































r 



M 







fUNDAMENTAL^fRINCIPLES^ 



l^^ACONIAN^ flPHERS^ 

AND 

'APPLICATION-To. BOOKS 'OF' THE' 
'SIXTEENTH-AND-SEVENTEENTH 
'CENTURIES' 




^ 



'C 



OMPIILED'^BY'^ 



^Wi 



IMM^ 



-COPYRIGHT- I9I<B - 
— ^Y - C3-ErORGe"- FABYAN 




<\' 



^ 



,^^^^^ 



ySto-tis sum l8. 



y^^li^. 






^.M^/^nyc 



J.e!iM-n.TuiliaheJ h Wii/i^iJ't. 



4?£;22 1916 



^ . .ft I 




IMTSOBUCTIOH. 

n» vorUM poeas la ihia portfolio hsen ham aauwiilad with tte tbiovt 
•f fmawtive U ths Mtutait tr U tte li^uirMr Urn %mU priMipUs Smol^wdt 
ta th:e tttunlwi Bip^Litwrnl Qiphnr. 

A* MRMrstfrn of th* fotntatlM adtg^ wtax b« Bmhi** vm «w!9i««. 
Ikqr MM sivan first in f** iflMirtMit iltllinMilirTi w' ^» lottara mre la itAlls 
Maript* mm italic typ* «u first UMd f«r tl^ti* purpiw «• do atrt kaot^ tat 
«i find it itt a imst pMkst editioa of ^iMMSyi pHi>U«ted ia 1662. 

Xa 1A40 (^bart lata iswad the firat Aiifliifa tmiOatiaa af Pa *MBaaptia» 
■ny thlak it Saaaa*a original e«pf hmmim «a ara told tha aerfc aaa ariitaa 
la AigUA aad tnauiUtad into Lotia ^by tha holp of mm goad pna** Xa thia 
tha ooKOii^a ara in italie aaripi lite tiatt ia tha aaiOy Latia a«ttiona« 
(Saaf^ to ) 

A portleularly fina aad alow iUuatratlai is in J«aa apaidii«*a trwa» 
latiaa af tho vork, aid alao ia thia Latin oditiMi* Ihaaa ara show ia tha 
aaeoad aidiibit* (pp. ta } 

fhaaa aSx pagaa of introduclioa Aow an^irahMial^ly BaaMi*a •m idaaa 
of tha Mothad af aatag tad tiaa paaaibiUUao iavolvad ia tha Bi^diterol cipher, 
aad tha inquiriag stadwt ia r i mi awa J i il ta raad thai aarafully at tha o«taat» 
lAih a via* to infoniag ktaaalf af tha esaval priaaiplaa that Baasa hteaalf 
haa ^van ua tns -tta aid)|aet» 

la printed asttor tha Bi^-litoral Cipiiar, 4ti«h c^tght mee mirrtc*^ ba 
tanvd tha Bii-^oraad Ciphar, aa ita aaM i^^ia% d«panda utpoR tha uaa of taa 
diffaraaty but oloaely atiailar foraa w "foata** af ;ype. tar aamanlaaaa thaoa 
ara tanoad tha "a* font and tiie "b" f ora* ia» f irat atip iaml^ aa noalnitiM 
af aaah lattar ta datandaa ahathar it baloaga to tha "a* fara or the '*b'* fon:v 
«f aritiag b aa aath it tha ^ or tho J^ oe dataradaad bf aoiah m 



N 
O 



~5 _i t« 

if 3 






U ^ i— 



> 

CQ 



o 
r. 

a! 

I < 



-3 :: 



-I 
?. S s 
^ y u - 



o ^ 



•D 



i u. r 



3 c •- 

S o s - 

"S -c '-^ 



>- > »» 5 






_2 
13 




■J 



i.i 



CO « 

^^ 

z ' 

o < 

t~ aa 
o 

-I 



H 
Z 
ul 

o 
z 

< 
> 

Q 
< 
ul 

a 
H 
ti< 
O 



^0 









» 
^ 

^ 

t^ 
I 
^ 






4 



^ 






bs 



v4 






^3 



2 A St- is' ^ 

SCO 



i-s 



i-S 



ll^-f 1 J ':S -f 5 5 ^ 



^vi 



^ "oPrrS"'-'^*' 
fe .a 'c ■" ., ° -c y ;? ■>: 



x5 



u 



^ ^ s -^ « g „, 



•I ^5:1 



^l 



^^^v^ 

^ ^ 

^1^^ 




^3 



03 



"5i 






^■^ 

^ 



^ 



f 



> 



O 

< 



^ 






.3 






C 

C 









^ ?| 5= 

o ' <;-: "^ ^ ^ 










1 






.'^ 



■I ^ 



,>S 



^ \lo ^, 



^ ^ i &. 



s 

s 



^ 



r^ 



i^ 

■^ 

•^■S 
^ 






4-1 












2 'a 



h z 
'^ z 



n 



UJ 



^^ 



(- 
z 

u 

z 

< 
Q 

< 

s 
K 

a, 
O 



X5 



^4i 

rS ^; w 

r^ 4J aj 

3 O W 
O i> O 

- §^ 

.«^ 

IS =a 5 

■5 -C •" 

hM ^ C/> 

S S " 
S S rt 

> R *— < ftj 

5 ? *-• "Q-j 

^28 






"3 






■I 



^ a 



-« s 



^ 







i.2 .S 

^:§ g 

o > g 
C tj u 

>?^ — 

""5 c 

Ji O rt 

c 2 f^ 
« -S .y 43 

i v " - 
K C o 1* 

"S i ^ ^ 

8 i "-0 
c bo ^ S 
c c .j: s 

S'i " 2 
s; c > w 

J & -o 

-*3 U< tU ^ 
?^ ^^ aj ■•-* 



$ 




ijl\ 




.5J 
C 

o 

M 

'OL, 

US 
u 

M 

•J^ — 

a >-! 

"i a 

3 r« 
O (Xi 

•c '>^ 

e.s 

< _c 



i^ 



fe 5 

IS s 

i $ 

CC o 

S to 

5 I 

c u 

o 00 
o 

0. £ 



■ri S S £ *> 



I 03 '/> • — 



t c 



% X •■ 

3 •" 'A 



3 ~ '/J ii S 

^ a ^ .s i 






A o 

s .-^ 



^ "^ ij r^ -ij 



o '^ 5 r< 
•|| 2 4. 



S > S 2 ■? 



o . j: >- 



- S O — ^ Er « 



3 "^ 



r '3 



£ c 






q -n S ^- 



O s - 



.5 

S o 



S S' 






^ S 2 £ .- 



3 



s " Tj a 



- y 

- X 






_ 'i M .~ =-.i 



o « £ 5 






a £ 






o ^ C ~ 



"P c< c- . -^^ 






o 



3 Tj <«/ 

£ -^ 

5 *^ ** 

-K -J 3 






i- .3 a 03 

2 = « « , 



3 ^ 



C -^ 3 



3 -2 

3 S 

a ^ '■ 

s — 






3 «- 



to 






C 3 i. o c 
- c* > CL" 3 

• 3 O "3 . b 



-^ 2 ~ 

3 



3 ^ = C 



- c ^ — o 



|-f 5 



CS 



X ^ 



* 



3 J- o 



C<-3 a E 

« .to 3 2 

s a: ? - 

^ S ^ s 



* ^ ^ '-'■' 

|c J •§- 

d:; - — 
t . 



- c ~ 

gel 

c5 £, -: 



!i<-^ 



-? o f_| X 5 






::r X CO C 



rrj to 3 



o . 

> ^ s 2 

53 c 4, ^ 

i ts ec — .0 

'^^ ^ o ;-5 

.2 •• c = 

.£- 3 = ^ !• 

c — " = 5 

o a o - £ 



he 



tc.o 

3 3 



3 e 



-5 3 3 






-c 
o 






5 -a 

•I ^t 



-a 
o 



2 13 C 

s S'S 
o i2 - 

C t. 

M «- » i 

■> e £ 6 

c .H . ^ 



.r c 



.0 £ 



* c . 



I ^1 ^3 '^ 



jc 6 t = 



/2Q 






a 



i ft; 



C c *i ta- i 



! E i 3 

. 3 " ft. 

: £ S i> a 



c 
c 






!^£- Sri 
■C ^ « ^ V 5 c 

- 'Is''- 






•£-5 3 



? ^ -9 'n -a 



I -I 



HE 



b-E-S 



^ * 



urn 



it 
tr 
o 



I: 

o 
o 
< 

CD 

O 




o 






^ tfc- i 

B oo — 

f> O •■" o 

o a »j 

c 2 1-1 « 

« * ^ 



2 § 



Si 

1^* 



±: S . — 






a 
o 



c - «— c a 



i s* N- 



i« . 



O ,5) 



T! a "7 •: = 



a ^ "S w 
^ .t: • - o 



b- ^^ ^ ^— .— >*- 



- • t! 

^ a -i s u 



l-^-l 



a "" 



s 1— 1 ~ i: 



a ^ 



a 



= i; o ■= 

*- o s ^ 

2 « :a ^ 



t; « = >. 2 






« »5 






X — - 



J - t: -= ~ 






= t: :^ 



J! «- 



1^ '/> 



« ^ ° o- - 



5 § 



.i -a P w 






tc j; -5 S --' 



O , ;s 



•— ^ a ^ 



a »; 



u 


m 

V 

u 


a7 






o 






J3 


o 


O 


'3 

a 






(U 




is 






3 


I- 


♦j* 


V 




rf 




n 


t- 


a 




n 


J3 




a 


c« 










r 








hH 


a 


a 


tc 




o 


m 

a 


CI 


a 




a 

o 


4) 


S 


to 
1 




a 


-a 
is 




a 

o 

a 



a o 
a S 



O c4 



S G 






g i ?> 



^ T V' I'- -p ^ -^ '^ "1^ 



- a 



O 



' OS 

J3 u 



•- # — JO 

tt o 5; K 



1 'is 



V •: 



"5 5 



— e -^ 5 



a : 



S 4< "" 

- ^ H .L 

a's " 

•>. « S o 

u j= 5 - 



■^ a 



a i: = 



ti. -5 •• J: S 

■X .= £ is - 

o 

tc « j: as 

.= •= ^ ■= " 



S -a -- 5 



rt 3 



- 2 



a 
o 



e4 



a a V a 






2 S 



ScS i-.a 

;_ a U 

« to fe ^ 
a a — « 
o 2 « 



o 



g « £i 



1^ ij 

a S a a. 






s fe, 4^ 4 1 



St .2 



S ■" a ^ 



o a 



"^ 
J! 

I- 

a 

t2 



O " 



-a c 






a a 



?5 3 



a 






t^ a 



i. " a 

CJ & V 

«! - o 



o 5^ •« a, ^ :^ ^ 



•= 2 a •£ = 



to 2 

a Tl 



„ a 1? 



o 
o a h 



o -a 
!i5 fc 



P»,^-5 5 



00 

cc 
o 



r 

z: 
o 
u 
< 

oa 

Q 
or 

O 

_l 

Ll 
O 



-W-i- 



.. O 



-f ^ 



a tg 

K 

3 t», 

■■■ a 

c 



- = 2 9 . - '^ ~ '-s 



~ Kb 



u 



■" to ■" 
•n 3 -e 






.2 o 
♦J is 



o ~ 

a* J= 
a 3 
to a 
.a o 



4< .- — ■:S 



P t2 



o 

c 



-a c 






C 1 



to i o 



s 
a "a* 



a a to o » 

'i =5 a 1 



t) -a -tr ■_ X 



C — -J o ai .— 



"5 a 



= JS a ^ - -J 4 = u - 8 S g 
a .i" u .- *» » ._ •»' — i; o te 

■»■ - -^ . . ■to' ~ » 



< 
cc 
IS 

O 

h 

o 

I 



T' >- 






^ — ~ -a 



-3 !;C 
u 3 



X a ;i 



i: cr ^ .: 



■^ 1= ff ^ a 



.= a = _ 



•3 C" a 



jK t 5 ~ a ,u 

T^ ._ ** > a fc- "*" 



S a •— 



a 



a ,u a. 



— a ~ 



= "- a >> 

5^ a i 



-r ^•_ a it - 
•- .r- J ^ o 



^- ■- > "c 



— . 'f. 



~ - c i: ~ -c 



u '— .— ~ 



•- ^ a -= 

^ i< U C 









S — w „ a 

i:. 5 «; 5 ■= 



0) ^ ♦- - -^ 



■^ c -a 



to ~ r 






:; E ^ ■- 






= a._a-f— 2 



_ > 
a a 
>..a a 



- T ^ — ^ 

> ^ O -,-> 









— . ? — 















- . C t .^ 









^ c. c i 



t < "^ 



_ ^ , £ -^ 



- _:: = o c .= 



O 7- r: — 









Q 
Ul 

W 

o 
a 

LlI 

cl 

w 

w 



< 

> 

J 
o 
> 






"^ <i '<> ^ ^ ^ yi 

■. « - -^ -f- -^ 



o 

c 



i J, .-tf i ~ "^ _!. 2 JJ TT •<■.■—.-— >. 






'^' -4- . - 









^. 2 ~ s ~ — ^ 









<-» a 



■5; rt 



I. «2 
.2 0) 

« to 

u la 

o 

V 






■^ ,0 






» e a 

«: « i; 

<3 .~ -i? 



■5 ~- J^ 



«) .^ - 



■S * 

^ "a 



5 o 



o ii ■ 
o 



- " i o =- S 



tfc. 



.25 -M. -7. 



'/v or:: s 



o 
»> 



^ a r* S 

S"^ i -s i -f 



be 

2 o 



o s Si 

ft ^ ^ 

g sf s* 

^ i •- 



5 o -^ !^ ri "^i^ 






■12 .^ 



■^ ^ ^ 



« ^ 



J^ 



c 



w 



'3 



»5 C 






I 5 



Z -a 

O 'S 



SD O 

.S — 
5 



o ^ 



o 



bij ♦- -t; r 

B 






g f5 S =1 ii 






— • X 



■^ = ?v. re 



T. r o _ 



- 'Jt n 



C — S u 



c :; — >-. 



o ^ 



a w 



o S 



i- f, '^ 






'ft 




3 


<]J 


•^ 


n-1 


aj 




^ 


U-, 


a 









0, 



.a a> 




Q^ 


3 ^ 







cr;j2 








a 




to J3 




^ 


a 





a -^ 


n 




■■e^ 


a 





^ J3 


e3 












£ o <u 

o ^ >- 

2 ^ ^ 

3 l«i « 
'W 4) (h 



■a ti 

O 1) 



= a c 






" 7: ^ 



o 



o ^ 
o >. 






a s -^ hH 



U) 



o _- -a ^ A 

o ur, a M^^ 



bC§ 



o 
a. 

o 



ift o .- 

^ c ^ ~ 

w -^^ -^- ■*— 






*- - = 5 
o 

li 



2 13 
a, OT 

o ** 

*^ o 

c -^ 
2 «> 

"^ .1 
a o « 

■'" 'u "^ 

i •- -I £^ 

c 2 <u 

-a 
-a ■" *- 



o 



g £ o 

^ s "^ 

■s 3 

r c . 



5 « 
a "^ 

« t * 



.2 i.^ 

■^ 2 o 

i-a t^ +■■ 
^ ® a 

C4 « •-< 

J :S « 

■■5^:5 
a 2 ^ 



rt rS 



a 
'a 

a « .2 8 

■•3 -g — r r3 

rt M a 

a ^ to 3 

-a ^ >> 
2 ^ § -S 
♦^ a — -a 



a 
3 <= 

=> a 



•a w 

^ i 






» ~k 



j3 a ^ tj 

S S ^ E 
(^ a^ fc- 
tO -t: ,0 



o 



<u 

-a 



'^ 



(3 



■0 v,v^-. e «^^ 5^ 


e 


V^-~ S Si, 0, »5 


•« 


tj ft, ^~>^ a, CO E-is, 


e 


ofe,s;5a,&5 six, . 


■« 


-«i'>i-5J-^s>V.»!S{N 


s 


"«<U-«-«a(B8.gfj^ 


>CJ 


1 

1 


B 


a; <; te: v; cs; lii t<; j^ 


B 


^ ^3 bo-*; « ^ ». S 


B'« tos^ S *••.- g 


-C 


'^ Cj i^ fe; c/(> ^ 


B 


^C;C;!u;<;^f,b 



S^ 



l-s 


t4 




c 


bl 






bill 

pist 
ext 








■^ 


■^ 




-M 


(1 to 
cxtei 



t-1 




S i 


3 



^ 


s ^ 












„ 





a) 'Z. 






^ 


-C 


a 



1. '- 




.,S 


■" 




a 


a *j 








t- 





a *^ 


■k^ 


1.% 


u 


a 


cS 


a tJ 




-^ "^ 





^^ -W 


a - 






a iS 


3 ^ 





— ' u 






a a.! 


X 


■^ Cj 



tL 

a: 

o 
t- 
o 



'5 






00 



X 

cc 
o 



w 
z 
o 

< 

CD 

o 
o 

_l 

o 

o 
a 

UJ 

W 






^ '" ^ 



> 



o 

Q 

UJ 
CL 

W 
UJ 






^ 


I*, <■: 


■^ 






ca 


.3 


« 


B 












fc) 


>« 


•s 


c- 


>, 


"^ 


-3 


"tl 






t*^ 







a 




B 


^ 





sc 




>> 










u 


u 








•tJ 













Ci 


>^ 


c 


a 























a 


i*-, 


p 


•-^ 








r3 


" 


,~ 


^ 








s5 


tt> 








> 



r- 7- '^ .^ 



iAaahhccddeeffgghh iijllmmnnoop 
pqqrrJfjlJffisiAy'Vvuu.xxyyZj^J^'- 

JV OT P 9jQJ(Ji S S' 

TT'V vxxyYZ z 6'ao 

IMM del Gr^o due cfcrmia Trarij Lucas HSn- 
£iCadndfcAno <l)e. zM . H). LXXVtt 






57. ITALIC TVPE-l.tTTtKS. 



Photographed from Alpha eet.s , a IMamual of Lett e ring for the use of 
Students, WITH Histori cal and Practical Description,"by EdwaF^o T. 

STRANaE.1807 

The foregoing illustration of alphabets is presented at 
this point for the pvirpose of showing the differences In forms 
of letters resorted to in the sixteenth century (1577)» 

The following statement has been deciphered from Bacon's 
"De Augmentis" (1624) by means of the Bi-literal Cipher: "By 
slight alteration of the common italic letters, the alphabets 
of the Bi-literal Cipher, having the two forms, are readily 
obtained." 



LORD BACON'S OWN EXAMPLE OF BI-LITERAL CIPHER 
Spedding' s Editions 1857 



Manere te 



volo 



donee 



Eg* tmni officio ac potiiu pietaU rnja te ecii-tirh sath/iuio i>":iii/i:j> : 
MiAi ipie nunqtiam satisfucio. Tanta est iniiii mai/iiitiulo liienin i run 
■ tm* mtritortim, ut quoiiiam tit, nisi perfecta re, de me iioii eiiii/ii:(':i.-i ; 
4^0, quia non idem in tua causa efjuio, vit,im mibi essf aeir!\;ri [•iil,"i. 
In eauta iteciUftt: Ammouiiis reijis leyatus aperte pcciitii.i lu-i 171- 
fnptat: res agitur per eosdem eretlitorej per quos eitm tu .-.Mr.a luiihn- 
tun regis causa si qui sunt qui velint, qnipauei sunt, omnes ,id l\iii- 
friltm rem deferri volunt : senatus reliyisnis eiduriniatn, t:on rtli(j:.i:e 
tli malevoltntia, tl iUius regiae largitiunis ineidij comprelxit, .Si-. 



Do not 



ffo 



till 



In all duty or rather piety totcards you J satisfy every body cwejit 
myielf. Myself I never satisfy. For so great are the services trlrUb 
you have rendered me, that seeing you did not rest in your end-^vonrs 
on my behalf till the thing was done, 1 feel as if life tad lost all its 
sweetness, because I cannot do as much in this cause of yonn. The 
necMions are these : Ammonius the King's ambassador openly besieges 
as with money : the business is carried on through the same creditors 
whs were employed in it when you were here, Sfc, 





a 


b 


a 


b 


a 

n 


b 


a 


b 


a 


b 


a 


b 




A 


A 


a 


a 


B 


b 


b 


C 


C 


c 


e 




D 


D 


d 


d 


E 


E 


e 


e 


F 


F 


f 


f 




G 


G 


q 


g 


H 


H 


h 


b 


I 


7 


1 


t 




K 


K 


h 


k 


L 


L 


I 


I 


M 


M 


m 


m 




N 


N 


n 


n 














F 


P 


P 


P 




Q 


a 


9 


f 


s 


R 


r 


r 


S 


S 


s 


s 




T 


T 


t 


t. 


V 


U 


u 


u 


V 


V 








\V 


IV 


w 


to 




X 
Z 


X 

z 


X 

z 


Y 


Y 


y 


y 



\1t . - inJ :".-um T 1 



LORD BACON'S ORIGINAL EXAIffLE OF HIS BI-LITERAL CIPHER 

Taken from 
Gilbert Wats' Edition "Advancement of Learning" 1640 



zt'go'omni officio, acvotiu^ftdait etna. t& « 
cadzris scOi/acio otmwm: Jmkitjistmmfi 
dUOMSatisfado . JMniH utemmmaani- 
ituloiuormti cmO' mt inmhrtmiyifimumv^ 
omitLy nislf^cta re, <Um&noit c^iyms^ 
iij ego^ auuiiunii^niiTiiu(ic(mfamiciOj 
MUMTttim^esstdC^mtMimitnt, Jkccui- 

^mattn cremoee^Jerauos^ cm. h^aacz 
lea^, (tdtmar, J\tm causa si jni sunt:, 
^Mfem^jui^cmcisan^mncs ad^Hm^i- 

^ioni^ cadmnum^ non miqi'mt^ stlma- 
fawlentia, tUWus9(egiac-mrgitioji}j' 
imiidiacomjroMt. SQc. . 



^Md^crs tc t>Ho (&nM ^^enei^'^ 



I 



^n Example of a 'BifomeJ Alphabet. 

, a. h.n.b, <L. b. d,.p.a. h.a.p.O: p.d,.b. 
<L p.cL.b. A, h . <L.P. a.. P. a. p. a.. p.a..b. 

n. ka.p,(i.p.a.p.iLD,a..p. a,. p.<i.p. 




'.M.71l> 



'd, b. <l.p.a. p.a.p. a.. p.iL.p. A. p. <i.p.a^. 
'Mn.n.O.0.o.cr!^^J.Q^^j.^ 

r p*<i,p.a.»p.it-p, a.. kci.f,<L. p,a..p.4.f. 



?^.7z^.rc.£^.».x^ 



3^J:r/. 



m "X* Ha fOBP flKHOP* 

i 

: tt» fttUlMlaiB gMiip ot Ultiotratioas has tem «*an^«4 for ths pvriMai 
•f (Itii— irti'iiUiic ibo uw of the tjo foxias of ti'pe i& mlolitai^ a hi&SiB 

Diia Qcrido (pp* to ) Mttcdsii: of vnrious pintegrafJiio fouaijnilos 
•I tiMi n* !!• PwbT — > no « btiftf acla7.atHr}r pmb l&fnrtod 2ii t?») :>nateiSt»r3r 
9q0M mi the 1623 StBlii £^^^xm of fbsie»apMaee* a twrks* i^ibDuei} uaoi23«r pMM «• 
ty t* BtoBM -mm ^nwsrs «} ths «■» iiage ia Utc erigizml* tte "l^iU Fmi^ laa 
faiMB tik«i as «w bMis ftf the inuetratiao sf ih» al]*ir« iwi Umun it :i«Bids 
iiMlf any aoM iiaeily to tlw purpoasi but bo«iitfw of its broviiy, ac cuuix^rud 
tfi fttlicir poMBgtts* jOm mmm^o «nfoXdod in tha Pwbo is eonjplate in itsolf, :aid 
is siOMd by ills author* Ihs Uluatrotione arc ril«>ta0P^E>hi(i copiss takan fMis 
the 1623 JReXio i& the Uavbany Ubraty ooUeoiioQ^ miimpii 

liic Slx-'jb illti8tr<itioii In the {;rcup is 'Um popi amtwtittng the plNftasrvip^Uio 

r^raduetion of the '^•iU fmmf itoeir* (p« )• Noxt foXloui; (p* ) w 

illu3trati«B »£ the alidMbatn oX' t>M3 ^ and ]l '<auo In use in tic 1* M* Faflra." 

Itaay of theaa aoy h ava ^ w f i gpt% " but a aesi^alsiB of thst* alth the typiaal 

lattar of tie tarn to ahiah thi^ balsoig aakes l^wee vartatioDS easily dlaUa^pllflSi. 

'aA and undoratoo<l* 

A rsfaramw to Baeen'e ovn Illustrations on op* vill dieslase the 

fret -yiat he dalHwrataly per ' vari-mto in '.to otw type fonna* She 

cbaracteristie j^ end J^ fam l ..>oro offered by ^um way be ataAlei 
in -U^ 'TisaEiplo of a Bi-fe«a^ Aliihobet" gives «i>p* • Ou tiie eiP9e*> 

site hi4f ef 'ttaia pege «ilX be feaad hybrid lettere or vorictitE^ (mMh 

^iH tke aaae ef the aapital ^ the left hand tap of aiiiah haa the 
tfiaraat«riatio8 of tho ^ fon% ood the rigM^ hand toD the aharaateriatlie 
ef the j^ foatt.) 

Aa iMoit three ill«»tra^one of iim seriaa (p9» ) praent |4iot^pr<iM^ 



the l»n* Pmei Qnmp f*^ 

MpiM of tlw "Z4f* PMof* with ilw lines at i p i wd •• 1» |MmdLt of th» 4ypdLs«l 
fom of tlie lottor (iUMtratod la th« «l;)lt9b«i ok »• ) bot^g iftavod 
0(0^ lottor of tlie posBt. For Vm pvrpooo of 4lo«nMMio thl« two tew 
omry third loUoTt nd tivm yagoo tevt ifaorofwpo %mm roqalrod to ««vl«^ this. 
Stooo threo fM«B» ahov tlio tgpiva torn of the lottor of the o orro o p aa d lag f on, 
H or It* ^9ii» faollitatos ite •cn^ariaOT ll i lt w tlio t*» lottoro of tlio «liart«t«N> 
iaU«8 inAoront In tlio foniN 

:EIw thpoo ?>9Si« followiiig (fp* ) Aow t2»o typiml lotfcora of tho op- 

ftoite foni to tlHEt ovor tAlsK ooi^ io oloMd* ttio lo done for tho r»«l»so 
of «otttraol» to om^o tho otudnit oaotly tt aoto tlM dlf (ovonooo bot«OM iim 

too f OHM* 

TO f <»io the aoECt page (>• ) oU tho Xottoro of tho •I.H. 9m^ tewe %9m 
Asselfied oooording to tholr reoipoeUvo fonM is alplMtot&ea ao^Miwi^ oad 
Ift tiM order of their rooputlvo oooormoo la the tost* Iteoe unamfeBd boloat; 
to tte it f eras thooe deelgwttod by / are of tho j^ f om» 

IV of thia gro«? ^roamte all tho lottoro of the poon in alplaatefcUai. 

lafMooo and In tlw anst orAwr of their oooonPSiUMb irreapaat.^tH> of the fom 
to ^^<^ tiiey t>olang* Ifaooe boXwi^lag to ilw j^ fom are iaMH%e4{ thooo in tie 
p^ olaaa hawe tJia / !i oao nt h> 

mt fiunl iUuotrtitio}! of this group (p* ) j lt iM l rti « «K>pgr of tho 

"t*"- Foon" vlth ito lottcre oariGed to mm yimUmr it ie of tho s^ «r b fom 
la aneordmee otth Hm >roecdSMe pagBO* mm 9^^ l&u%ot atioee to lAiSfik oloae 
it belontre^olther ^ or ^ ft faoiUtate the mwdtng ot V» deeipHemint 
roiuiting fmn aoeh aMurtdj^ tbe ril^" («? t^-> v>»aM tta«e boon dlvldo!! teto 
j r eiye of flw^ with Vhb reaUit t<t>^t oimm* t>f auob ^mvpe i-^tfroasKio «ao oir Vie 
eoabittoiioi^a of jj^ and J^ to bo found in the BiMoaian Cipher Cede €knnfy ^von 
ea^ 



ALPHABET 
A-tiCLa&o- 

C-acxab a. 
D-a.aa.b b 
C-a o-b CLO. 
r-a abctb 
G-aab b o, 
H-o-ab b b 
I - Q,b aaoL 
K-a b a 0L.b 
L-o. ba b ol, 
M»OLb o.b b 
N- o. b b a CL 
0-abbab 
P-abb bo- 
a-abbbb 
R- b o-ctcxa. 
S - b cxocixb 
T- b a u.b Q, 
V-b<xa.bb 
W- b <X b OL a. 



To rhememorie ofM.fF.Sha^'/pc^re, 

'\/"^EEwonJred(Shake-fp€are)that thou went'Jlfofoone 

Frotn the Worlds ^Stagtito the Graues-Tyrinz-rownt, 
Wee thought thee deddj hut this thy printed yi^orth^ 
Teh thy SpeSiatorsythat thout>ent'ft hut forth 
To enter Sfith appUufe'. An AEUrs Art^ 
Qan dye, and Hue, to oHe afecondpcirt. 
That's hut an Exit ofMortalitie ; 
This, a ^-entrance ton TUudite. 



To thememorie ofM'Jf^.Sba^.Jpea're. 




Jkit i but a/i¥.Xlt ofMo)t.i!)tir 
- / — / '- /-I /-// 



X-b<xbab . , . • / -'/. I M 

V k , L L *• i-^i* 

2-b.bbb- .SHAKES.- -,^SE ^QLIO 1623-MZThLii:.' Ziy-'-. 

I. i;. he;: 

Tothe raenor ioof" /jhak espc- re ".i; «ndr edsha kespe tirath attho mwnt stsos ••neF 
baaab oabaa aaaaa boaac aaaba aabbb aabab abbab baaaa abaab aabaa babba aabaa baaab 

ramth eWarl daSta petet hsGra ueeTy ringr oa-aej eotho ughtt haada adbut thirt hypri 
baaba aabbb aabaa aabbb aabaa »»"■«" aaabb aba^i abbaa aabba bitaab abbab aabab baaba 

ntedw erthT elsth yjpec tater rthat tliauw ontet butfa rthTa antar witha oplau aaAnA 
aabbb aabaa ajiaba abbab ababb aabaa aaabb abi-a aabaa baaab aabab baaaa aaaaa abbaa 

ctors ArtOa ndyea ndliu etoac lease cond;) art.h atabu tanEx ItaW artal itleT hlsaH 
aiiaba abaaa toach aaaab aaaaa bar.aa abbai abbaa abbab aabab baabb aabaa baaaa baabb 

eentr -meet oa.'la udite \\\ 
ababa aaaaa ababl* 



.«Tc:. for ;-.eyas, IMe h-^dir.;-3 of t-.e Co::!edies. 

?a.V:CI3 BAflOh C.-' '/TaUIA'.'. 



(( 



i.m:poem 



M 




/ / 



37 18 ^^^^^ ^1 3 



/ /'/"// / / / '/' / / 



19 4 



M 



" _____ iO 6 

■Wjlpll • — Wl -— 



/ / / / / 

R 21 »0 ty IS 



W%f^ P^:'-rf|^ 



IT 34 



/ / 

3 



4fCC EE WGG^^mMW l^^SSWT 

'^^ / / / ' / / / " / / / 



////// //// / / 



/////// // 



_ 3J. 31 16 35 36 6^ 



THE ALPHABETS.— 



COPYRIGHT 1916 
RIVERBANK COMPANY. 



^•^^rf 



(i. B. .M 



.M.POEM. 

VV 

M ^cW YillEmooo r t T 

/ / / / 

E S aaeeehikprf tx 5 JV aa eee h \^ p Mf 



/ / // / 



AAA c^BF 0UfM. ^s rrrrr ww 

_,_ » * » » « f * ♦ » _ _. 

" / ' / / / " ' '/ // 

...,*♦«„ .» « ... » . * * **-■ , .*.. . . . . * » ♦, , 

eeeie^ekeeemeeeeeeeeemei Jf g^-^ iMhhhhhJMhhhhhljf 

• « _ t » » . * • •__ ..^ ♦_ , .,_* •_ 

imiiiMUUl mm nnnnnnnnnnnnnn ooodooooooooooo'oooodoo 

♦* • ♦_ » * **» 

PPPPP rWrrrrrrrrrrrrrjsssss ffff 

/ /'// // //// // " ' "■/ / 

♦ » , ^ 

tttttttttitttttttttmmtttttttntt * 
/ / //// / / // / / // / / / 
* . * • • * ♦ 

uumuuuumy ww'^'^Ti? yyyy 

BHEi'isisJlft 

LETTERS ARRANGED ALPHABETICALLY AND IN PRINTED ORDER. 

COPYRIGHT 1916 XvO'^'' x 

RIVERBANK COMPANY. 



m:poem 



1 • 



T b e r o JV a f a 

To the memorie of M. JKSha^-Jpe^re, i 



w d d a. fa t t e ft f n 

V\T'\TEEwondr€d{ShdkQ-i^t2XQ^thatt]^^ jj 

/ / / / J / / / '/" /' '/ '7" "// / / 

n % W i ^ cr "o e a 's r ^ o. 
I From the Worlds ^^Stage^to the Grkues^l^ring-roome^ , 



/// //// //// / / / 

W t «" t e ^' ^ i t p n 'd r, 
{ ff ee thought thee dead, hut this 0^ prMi^%orth, ^ 

,, V / / / / _ / / / / / " / / / , / ,' / 

s ^T* J ^ e f 'f. tf /? "Ill f «^ a />' 

\T'elsthySpeBatorSjthatthou'toent'ftWffort¥W 1 

/ /////// / / / / / / 

e e / tf /, f n & A 

\ To enter Vithapplaufe: AnABor^t, "^^^^Mi!^ 

//// /'/ /^/ 

C i/ 4 / e. tf 4 r ( i/ ?i ^ 

[ frfw dye, and liue^to aSie a fecond part.^ 

/ / / / // / // 

h s t E t M" t '/" e 

I ThatshutanF^XitofMortalitie- 

/ / / / //// // 

is e t 71 t T 
I Ti^^dTj a %e-entr4na to ^ 'Phudlte, 

' N°l-COnPARISON WITH TYPICAL LETTER OF SANE FORM. 

COPYRIGHT 1916 ^^ 

RIVER8ANK COMPANY. 



"I. M: POEM. 

o e m i f 5, {^ p r 

To the memorie of M. JV Shake ^fpe^re. 



\ 



B 0. r S k p r fy i n n f a e 
\l\/^E E wondred (Shake-fpeare) that thm werifflfofoone ij 

oh 'b d t e t G u T i r m 
Frm the Worlds-Stage jto the Grku^^T'yring-room^ | 

e h g i % ^ u h h n t i» t 
Wee thought ihee4ead, hut this thy prmtff%orthy ^ -J 



// /// /////// / //// 



e t S B 1). t t o' eft t r 
Teh thy SpeBatorSjthat thouTijent'Jjj^f^irfori^^ 

t n r t p a e Inn 

To enter %ah appUiife', ^ AFiors '^rt, '^^^ ''""'''^"'??^^^'^:| 

a y tt i t B f a p t ** 

(^andyeyandHueytoaBeafecondpart. ^ - -^?^| 

a % a X & oat 

That's hut an 'BsitofWortalitie ^ 

/// / ////// 

T a en c I 

This y a %e-entr4nceto«. Tlauditg, 

/ / / / / / // 



N^S-COMPARISON WITH TYPICAL LETTER OF SAME FORM. 



COPYRIGHT 1916 njj' 

RIVER8ANK COMPANY. 



>'^'^ 



I. M. POEM. 

^ o e M h e 

To theiiiemorie oWL.lV.Shake'fpt 



I 



e 



I 



W- 



i i 6 i m % 



■ ^/ ' / / ////// /' /" / -"7 '//^ / / ' ■ 

i 1 I i d^ i i ^ 



/// / ^ / / / 



I 



^'_|^f^ i -gj ^ ^ I i S ^ 5f -I 

jWU^^S^Batorsjthat thou Ibent^JijS^for^ 



/ ////// / 



s t 



^ ^ 



To enter %nhappidujei JnJFhr^-t^^ 

/ ^ / / / ^ /' / _ ^ /" / 

W f^ d it a |i»^ 
(/?« dyej^an^lme^a§^^co}idpart . 

"^1 ii ip^ii 



?.-j^'^ 



That's hut an'Rxit of Mortalities 

/ / / / //// // 

^ (^ M tf e / <i 

Thisy a '^-entrance to a Tlaudtt^i 

' / / / / / / / 1 

' N93-C0nPARIS0N WITH TYPICAL LETTER OF SAME FORM. 

COPYRIGHT 1916 '\^f\ 

RIVER BANK COMPANY. 



.^ 



it I B^ mil 



M.POEM 



M eee f h i tixm ooc r t T 

/ / / / 

E S aaeeehikprf tx S JV aa eee, h k^prf 

^JC^eWMT %_SS TTTTT WW 

////// /// / 

* . _.. ••• »•» -^ • 

aakdaa'aaaaaaaaad^ aaa hhb cc dJdddddddd 

- <. , . J !,. - 

I I / I I 

/ / 

* . • _, •• • • _* * * ♦^ ^ * • ♦ • 

eeeee^ijseeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeee^ % f . o-o- p- hhhhhhhh'h hhhhhhhh 



miiti Illitl nim mmnHrtn firinnnnn booohooooodpo'QoaooQQO 

/ // 



/ / 



/ / 

• » « » * • 



/ 

♦ « ♦ »_^ ^t » » . ,» » 

PPPPP ff'^^^f'f'^^f'^^f^^i^ sssss s fff f 

/ ^ y 1 / / 

tttttttmttttttttt tttttittmtttm 



» . » • • 


/ 

« * 


* 


uuuu uumuu 

1 1 


/ 


"JJOJ 


/ 





LETTERS ARRANGED ALPHABETICALLY. CLASSIFIED ACCORDING 
TO FORM. AND IN PRINTED ORDER. ^^ 

COPYRIGHT 1916 \^'^'^^< 

RIVERBANK COMPANY. 



im:poem. 

T h e 'r o' V 'a /^ 

To the rhemorie of M. JVShake-fpeare. I 



n 



TIP ^ d ^ ^f a t t e ft f 
\^'^EEiPondred(Shake-{pQare)that thou wntftfofoone J 

r t W I S g Q t as r c o 
Frum the Worlds=Stagejto the Grkms-Tyring-room^ 9 

W t u t % ^_ |f t p n d r 
Wee thought theedead^ hut this thy printed yuorth, 

10 '/ / u // / / / / / ///'/' // / y^ 

*-T s y e t s a h w t « o /?* 

Tf/f thySpeSatorSjthaf thou f^ent'ft huf forth ^ 

/ /////// / / / / / / 

^' e i a I f k o A 
To enter Tt>ith appiaufe: An A^ors Art^ 



■^^i-^m 



/ / / / / / / / 



...*.^,:;tr.^-i&5^ ':. 



13 






.,^£2t;M. 



C^aleaaci^Th 

Qan dye, and liue,toaBea/econdpart. 

■/ / / j^ J/ // / // 
h 's t t M t t % 

That's hut an Exit ofMortalitie ^ 

is e t n t T 

This, a %e-entrdnce to ^ TUudite* 

I / / / / / // 

N°4-C0NTRA5T WITH TYPICAL LETTEf? OF OPPOSITE FORM. 

COPYRIGHT 1916 'f^}^^ 

RIVERBANK COMPANY '^i- 1^ 



ii 



LM.POEM. 

o e m I S r 

TotheinemoneofMj/^.5/;^;^e-;^^^rf. I 



b or b k p r h I u n f e 
XT' VTB Etpondred (Shake-fpeare) that thou went'Jlfofoone J 

/? rf t ^ r Cr « i / r m 

e h ^ t e a ^ h h r t m t 
Wee thought thee dead, hut this thy printed ft^orth, > . J| 

^etSfiotto e Jl t r 
Teh thy SpeBatorSjthat thout^en/^h^^fortJf 

T n r t p a e Jl r f^ 
To enternptth applaufe: An Aclors Art, 

a y n 'i t Si J p t 

Qan dye, and liue,to aBe afecondpart,; ■'^ 

'/ / / ' '/ ///// 

aba at 



10 



Vli^ftSK:*-;^ ■ 



That's hut an Exit ofMortalitie . 
T a e r c I 



Thi6y a %e-entrance to a ^PUudite, 

N°5-[0NTRA5T WITH TYPICAL LETTER OF OPPOSITE FORN. 

COPYRIGHT 1916 ^i?)^ 

RIVERBANK COMPANY. ^ 



ii 



m:poem. 



"h 



■jh^ 



ri-i'-aaiii" '-ex 



t m o e f^ e. e e. 

^ To the tnemorie of M. IV Shake ^fpe0re\ I 



'V''\r:EK«'p«^re</(Shake--lpeare)f/^a/./;J()« mntjlfofoone || 

/ 30^126 jg; SS ■ • f» "■' U . 

rwp l^iijtf r, e y n e 
frwiiiheWorlh^Stag^eytotheGrme^^ H 

Bo^^i^ t is "^y 'i §. 0. h, 

^e thought thee dead, hut this thy prmt&l%Qrih^ ^ 

' / / // / / / / / / / / ' /'' ' //"/' /"" 
f I h p a r h t u n b f t 

Teh thy SpeSiatorSjth^ tf^out^ent^^^uf forth ;^: 

' / ///////• / / / " J / 

t w h p> u ■% ^B s t 

To enter Ti?ithapplaufe: AnABorsArt^ ' "^ ' , ^,; 1 

n e ^ u a e e n a 
(^andye,andliuejtoa&eafecondparti 

T t u n i 'f r I i 

That's hut an^Xit of Mortali tie ' ;, tS ' ; "^1 

/// / ////./../ 
h ^7^ « d £? 4 a _____ „ 

Thi4ya%e-entr4nce'tO€'PUudtte^ ,v':^ ,^^^ ^Siff 1 

/ / / / / / // 

'n^5-C0NTRA5T with TYPICAL LETTER OF OPPOSITE rORM. 

COPYRIGHT 1916 '\)!p'^'l 

RIVERBANK COMPANY. ' ^ 



'-. i»^» «r,r.'> ■'. V'--^ 



-^ 



ELIZABETH WELLS GALLUP TESTED AS A DECIPHERER 



By James Phinney Baxter 



To thememorie ofM.H^.Sha^^Jjfeare* 

VrVTBE K»o«</re</(Shake-fpeare) that thou wentjlfofione 

From the Worlds 'Stage, to the Graues-Tjring-roome. 
Wee thought thee dead, hut this thy printed Iborthy 
Teh thy SpeBators,that thou toent'jl but forth 
To enter y»ith applaufe. An AHors Art, 
Qan dye, and Hue, to aSle afecondpart. 
That's hut an Exit ofUortalitie ; 
This, a lie-entrance to a Tlaudite. 

^ !. M. 



To the memorie ofM-.H^Sha^e-Jpeare, 

''^r^EEiPondred (Shakc-fpcare) that thou wem'/ifofoo 
From the Worlds=Sta^e,to theGraues-Tyring-roome 
IVee thought thee dead, hut this thy printed fborth^ 
Tels thy Speflators^that thou wen tft hut forth 
To enter with applaufe. An AHorsArt, 
(jn dye, and Hue, to aBe afecondpart. 
That's but an Exit ofMortalitie ; 
This, a %e-entrance toa Tlauditt, 

1. M 



ORIGINAL ARRANGEMENT, I.M. POEM 
Shakespeare Folio, 1623 
As deciphered by Elizabeth Wells Gallup 

Tothe memor ieofM WShak espea reWEE wondr 
baaab aabaa aaaaa baaaa aaaba aabbb aabab 

edSha kespe areth attho uwent stsos ooneF 
abbab baaaa abaab aabaa babba aabaa baaab 

romth eWorl dsSta getot heGra uesTy ringr 
baaba aabbb aabaa aabbb aabaa aaaaa aaabb 

oomeW eetho ughtt heede adbut thist hypri 
abaaa abbaa aabba baaab abbab aabab baaba 

ntedw orthT elsth ySpec tator sthat thouw 
aabbb aabaa aaaba abbab ababb aabaa aaabb 

entst butfo rthTo enter witha pplau seAnA 
abaaa aabaa baaab aabab baaaa aaaaa abbaa 

ctors ArtCa ndyea ndliu etoac tease condp 
aaaba abaaa baaab aaaab aaaaa baaaa abbab 

artTh atsbu tanEx itofM ortal itieT hisaR 
abbaa abbab aabab baabb aabaa baaaa baabb 

eentr ancet oaPla udite 
ababa aaaaa ababb 

Search for keyes, the headings of the Com- 
edies. 

FRANCIS BARON OF VERULAM. 



TEST GIVEN ELIZABETH WELLS GALLUP 
By Re-arrangement of Letters, I.M. Poem 
Shakespeare Folio 1623 

Tothe memor ieofM WShak espea reWEE wondr 
baaab aabaa aaaaa baaaa aaaba aabbb abaab 

edSha kespe areth attho uwent stsos ooneF 
aaaaa abaaa baaab aabaa baaaa abaab baabb 

romth eWorl dsSta getot heGra uesTy ringr 
ababa baaba baabb baaaa abaab baaaa abaaa 

oomeW eetho ughtt heede adbut thist hypri 
aabaa aabba baabb abbaa aaabb baaab aaaba 

ntedw orthT elsth ySpec tator sthat thouw 
aabbb ababa aaaaa aaaba aabbb baaba aabaa 

entst butfo rthTo enter witha pplau seAnA 
abbaa ababb aaaaa aaaba aabbb baaba abaaa 

ctors ArtCa ndyea ndliu etoac tease condp 
baaab baaba baaaa aabaa aaaba aabbb baaba 

artTh atsbu tanEx itofM ortal itieT hisaR 
abbaa abbab aabab baabb aabaa baaaa baabb 

eentr ancet oaPla udite 
ababa aaaaa ababb 

Search Kaiser Kultur Krieg und Schlachten 
Macht ist Reoht n of Verulam. 



DISCRXPTIOHS 

of the eharactarletios 

•f th» "a" and "b" form latiars 

"IHB I.ll. POEM* 



She letters affixed by vay of illuetratioB have been 
photographed from the 1623 Folio in the Navberry CoUectioxi 
and have been enlarged to three and one-third the dimensions 
of the original, to fausilitate the study of their oharacterio* 
ties. 

Fer a description of the roman letter s, iHtich occur 
relatively infrequently, and of viiicli tliere is often but one 
illustration on a page, the student is referred to the 
i^pendiXt «^z*e all the roman letters used in the I*H« and the 
Ugges poems, the Prologue, the Catalogue, and the Naises of 
the Printipall Aetors^ have Toemx asseto^led* 



A yorm 

The typical letter is 
plain with high, straight 
beu:« A kern or a dot in the 
letter changes it fron a to 
b or vice versa* 



A long letter extending 
belOT the line* 



UPHBR CASE 
"l.U 



rr^ 



ITALIC IfTOXRS IN 





No example' 



No example 



No exaiiq>le« 



No example 



, Has a nearly even curve .Mi.'- ,■' 
in the top at the right* 



No example 

No example 
Curved top. 
A tall, well-made letter^ 




Large size type, narrow head 
and wide base* 



No example 



U 




W 



w 














^^ 







B Form 

The typical letter is plalni 
with a curved or sltmting bar, 
ae seen in the alphabet. 



No example* 

Top and bottom lines paralleQ.; 
the kern on the base line slender 
and slanting* 

Top heavy and slants parall*! 
to seriph of base* 

The short line slants toward 
the base* 

Kern short, straight, and 
blunt at the right* Third line 
shaded from top* Seriphs at 
bottom level* 

No example. 

Top forms a segment of a 
circle at the left. Upright 
does not reach the top* 

Erect; round curves* 
No example. 



The heavy, blunt letter 
with short connecting line is 
the h-torm' It is accented 
and therefore marked a-form. 



No example 



ir 



\fell-nade letter in large 
size type ; points sharp. 



LOVER CASE ITALIC LETTBRS 
"THE I. U. POEIJ" 



A Form' 



Typical a form io well-r.ad.e; 
the oval ususlly shows angle or 
shoulder and rounds gradually to 
the line of writing, making the 
letter soraewhat v.dder at the have 
than the corresponding letter in 
the ^ forn} aleo the oval has the 
appearance of a complete o^ placed 
in :-aich a way that a part of one side 
side rests on the upright and often 
projects sufficiently to give the 
stem the appearance of tending 
outward near the center. 



Oval pointed at top and 
narrow at base* 



M 



■^\ 



h 



if^\ 



TSs 



B Form 



Somewhat narrov^r at base 
than the a form; oval pointed; 
upright is often either uniform 
or slightly heavier at top. 
Letter slanted. 



Oval rounded at top; upright 
straight nearly to the base. 



Roundness coraraences near 
top; curve at base usually wide. 



c % 



Roundness commences near 
center of back; curve at base 
usually narrow. 



Stem has no wave line, but 
sometimes turns slightly to the 
left at top; toe upturned; loop 
leave B stem and rejoins it at a 
somewhat obtuse angle. 



I 



V/ave line in stem, angle 
between stem and top of oval acute; 
point of jointure below, somewhat 
high on stem. 



A line drawn through the 
loop of this letter beginning at 
the left of the oval where it leaves 
the stem and running through the 
opposite point of the oval, in- 
tersects the lino of the end of 
the curve of the base produced 
either above or below the line 
of v/riting. 



,*i. . 



or. 



Letter slanted; straight top, 
Lf curved, shov.dng a small neck 



at left. 




A linb drawn through the 
loop of this letter beginning 
at the left of the oval where it 
leaves the stem and tunning 
through the opposite point of 
the oval, will run parallel to the 
line of the end of the curve of 
the base produced. 



Letter stands nearly erect; 
top curved. 



URGE LOVER CASE ITAl.IC LET7ER3 i:: 

"iiii'. 1...;. i^oi;;.;" 



A-» .Forn 

Slanting, somevmat wide 
at the base. 



4 



3 For m 
IIo example. 



If the end cf the curve of 
the base line were produced 
it would not form a perfect o* 



e e. 



I 



If the end of the curve of 
the base line were produced ii ..oulc 
for.Ti a perfect o* 



Someuriiat slender; the loop 
is nar-row at the top and pointed' 



No exa'nole. 



Slender and delicate; the 
queue not widely spread at "Dase« 




No exa-nple- 



The loop is narrow in the 

bottom part. 




No example* 



Somewhat broad at the top; 
both kerns are rounded. 



No example. 



Long, well-mado letter; the 
Btem is a wave line. 




No example. 



LOWER CAS: ITALIC LETTERS LN 
"THE I. U. PQEJJ" 



A Forra 



The lower loop Is at- 
tached to the center of the 
oval; the connecting line 
usually hea\7' and angular. 



Ttio stem of this letter 
is not characteristic, unless 
perhaps slightly pointed at the 
base; a line drawn upward 
through the loop so as to in- 
tersect it at the middle of 
the upper part of the curve 
tends only slightly toward the 
right . 



In the typical letter 
of this class the base is 
usually rounded; the keras do 
not correspond, that is, one 
will be straight and the 
other curved. 










B Form 



The lower loop is at- 
tached a little to the left 
of the center of the oval; 
the connecting line is usxiCLly 
thin. 



The stem of the letter is 
characteristic; a line drawn 
upward through the loop bo as 
to intereect it at the middle 
of the upper part of the curve 
tends pronouncedly toward the 
right. 



In the typical letter of 
this class the kerns at the 
ends, whether curved or straight 
show a correspondence with 
each other. 



The typical letter of 
this class usually shows a 
slight wave line in the stem. 
The angle made by the kom 
and the stem is large. 

Double letters ore gov- 
erned by the law of digraphs, 
not by that of single letters. 



The second loop shorter 
at top and turns slightly to 
the right; width of loops 
nearly equal at base; top kern 
inclined to sharpness; kern at 
base usually close. 



m 






m m 



The typical letter of 
this class has the character- 
istic stem rounded into a 
anall, close kern* 



Nearly even at top; second 
loop wider at base than the 
first; top kern rounded, and 
corresponds to the kern at 
the base. 



LOWER CASE ITALIC LETIERS IN 
"THE I. II. POSU" 



A Fona 

Letter slemtingj top kern 
inclined to sharpness; kern at 
base usually clear. The loop 
tends toward the right at the 
top in the same manner as that 
of the second loop in the e^ 
foi>m of m 



n 



B Form 

Nearly erect; top kern 
usually rounded; the two kerns 
correspond. The letter 3ho\7s 
a wideness at the base correspond- 
ing to that of the second loop in 
the b form of m« 



There are many varieties 
of small 0^ and it is difficult 
to assign them to their proper 
classes. The a form letters show 
the slant characteristic of that 
form and are best classified by 
comparing them with the capital 
letter, iiriiich is less symmetrical 
than the b form. 






S^ 






If a line were drawn lightly 
along the inside of the capital 
0^ of the ^ form it would show 
almost perfect symnietry. This 
appears also in all the well- 
printed lower-case letters of this 
form. 



Stem of nearly uniform thiclcness 
throughout, or slightly shaded below 
the line of writing; loop shows only 
slight narrowiiig toward the base, but 
slants downward where joined to the 
upright. 



Stem often thick at top; loop 
joins the upright almost at a 
right angle. 



The letter has the slant 
that is characteristic of the a 
foirm. The first kern is anall and 
tends to sharpness; the second 
kern ia roundel. There is us- 
ually a greater breadth at the 
top in the a f oi-m than in the Jb 
f oi*m. 






■ .+ ',.-.v' 



i=?; 



3#- 



m 



The left kern is usually 
diatiiict and strong; the two 
differ only slightly. The up- 
ward stro'/.e of the letter i^ 
usually atr ng and di stinct • Tne 
letter is usually somewhat naiTow 
at the top- 



There are long ajid short 
letters in both forms. The base 
ixi either case is nearly horizon- 
tal. The long _s of the a form 
is more slanting than that of the 
b form« 





The long ^ of tiie ^ form 
is usually upturned at the base 
and the slant of the letter is 
not marked. The short letter has 
the fflme characteristics. 



1^:. 



LOWER CASE ITALIC HITTERS IN 
"THE I. M. PGEii" 



A Form 



The a-form letter has 
a base like the small 1_ of 
this class; the stem has the 
same slant as the !• 



t 



B Form 



The characteristic b_-form 
letter is well-made; the kern 
at base free and clear* 



The typical letter of this 
class has the slant of the a- 
form; the first kern straight; 
the second curved, or vice versa* 
The connecting line between the 
uprights is lower than in the 
b— form* 

The rounded base is 
typical of both upper and 



lower-case 

form* 



letters of this 



First point of base 
sliarp, second point blunt* 
The letter is flat topped. 



Harrow at top; second 
stroke bends toward the first- 



v^; 



U 



'r'y.jr 




Jl 



Letter nearly erect; the 
kerne correspond with each 
other* The connecting line joins 
the second upright at a higher 
point in the b-form than in the 
^form« 

The angular letter, like 
the second half of the toll w, 
is the typical letter in the 
b-form* 



Both points of base sharp; 
first and third stroke on the 
left extend in curves above the 
level of the body of the letter. 



r.o example. 



vs 



DESCRIPTION OF THE DIGRAPHS IN 
"THE I. U. POEM". 



Thff union of a 8l anting £ 
that shows an angle in the base, 
with a t that comes well down to 
the lin"e of writing with the 
slant of the a form, gives the 
conbination "aa". 




No example. 



The union of a slanting c_ 
that shows en angle in the base, 
with a t_ that approachee the _c at 
the base, s-nd has a cr08s>ber that 
thickens toward the right gives the 
combination "ab". 




a'^i^y 




The union of _c well-rounded 
at the base with a % that coDea 
well donti to the line of writing 
with the slant of the a form, 
gives the combination "ba"» 



The union of a short, well- 
rounded ^ with an b_ narrow in the 
head and'anguler in the base gives 
the combination "aa". 



iS 



No example. 



No exaiiq>le. 



is 



The union of a somewhat 
large i, the kern and base 
corresponding, with an 8__ 
narrow in the head gives the 
combination "ba"* 



The union of a long £ 
having a wide curve at the topf 
with e t having a slanting bar 
and Booawhat wide angle between 
the foot and the stem gives the 
combination "aa". 




No example. 



v 



V 



ALPHABET 


A. 


• ao-aaa 


B- 


■OLa.aa.b 


C- 


•aaab a. 


D- 


•CLCLCXb b 


E- 


• a. o.bcLo. 


F- 


•a abckb 


&. 


aabb 0. 


H- 


•a,abb b 


1- 


'O/b aaa. 


K- 


0. b aa.b 


L- 


ctbabcL 


M«o.b abb 


N- 


'CL b b a a. 


0- 


>a b b ab 


P- 


a b b b a. 


a- 


■abbbb 


R- 


'b aao-o. 


s- 


ba.<xab 


T- 


b au.ba. 


V- 


b a. abb 


W-b o-boLO. 


X- 


b abab 


Y- 


b ab b a 


z- 


bu.bbb' 



To the memorie ofM.,WShaf{e'fpcare» 

'\^'\J EEwondred{Sh2ker(feaxQ)that thou wentjlfofoone 

Front the Worlds^Stageitothe Graues-Tyrin7-rwmi, 
Wee thought thee dedd, hut this thy printed yt>orth, 
Teh thy SpeSiatorsjthat thouMfent'jl but forth 
To enter Ttfith appUufei AnAEicrs Art, 
Qan dye, and liue,toaSkafec(mdfart. 
That's hut an Exit ofMortalitie ; 
This, a ^-entrance tos TUuMte. 



JJljjhy ^pefiatorsAat thou yentjl but forth 
ij<:>}teiy^tthamauf^. ^n ABoj< An. 
Cah dye ixni liue,to at]e a Tccan'fp.i, t. 

i hat s but an hxit ofAiortahnr 

T^l"^' ''fk" ' ' ■''-'''.' -/«f -'-,-" 
i luSfd ^-entrance to* Tuudite. 

-'■"'^''-' ''^' I. M. 

SHAK!:SPEARE FOLIO 162 J-MI^~1J-:'.' rn-'. 

1. i;. ros:'. 

TothB menor leof'f vShak OBpc- re ijC wondr edsha kespe oreth attho uwont staas »»nt? 
baaab aabaa aaaaa booae aaaba aabbb aabab abbob baaaa abaab aabaa babba aabaa baaab 

r*oth e>Vsrl daSta r.>t*t haCra ueaTy rlngr senie./ sotho ughtt heede adbirt thlrt hyprl 
baaba aabbb aabaa aabbb aabaa *"^^« aaabb aba^a abbaa aabba baaab abbab b**'^^ banba 

ntedv orthT alsth ySp«c tatar athat thauw entat butft rthX* antAr vitha pplau acAaA 
aabbb aabaa aaaba abbab ababb aabaa aaabb abaaa aabaa baaab aabab baaaa aaaaa abbaa 

etare ArtOa ndyoa ndllu etoac tease cond;) art.h atsbu tanZz ItaTf artal Itiei' hlsaR 
aaaba aba^a baaab ^^■■w^V' wannn bar.aa abbab abbaa abbab anh^h baabb ftwib*^* baaaa baabb 

eentr ancet oaila udlia lU 
ababa aaoaa ababV 



ieu-ch for keyas, I'le hfdinrs o- Vne Coaedies. 



210 aari croup (pp« ) has for ito first illuotrotioB a 

pv^MU Mpgr 9t the Qiggts p«<» (a n»pr*Ai9ii(» !• oq ^ ) plaoeU bam 

to tfwv thd ••wto Af tte tot a^piMbtto #ilth «r» iUustrotod ou p* feU«*« 
toe* TlititnUly foIXwioc is found a dMi^shMnatet of ite p««a to cvtmpt •£ 
fiv8 bttMWrth vhioh is the tratnfloriptioo renaiiiog thsrvfraau 

M. tiie end of t!iis gr**^ (pp. } xAXl ba fowid full toaortjptiaM «f 

thD •liarriot«'icU6a of (tmik Viifial lottor of both fo«»% md Alto of t.^ir 
reR)fc>cti-M toriafttoto LeiUrii ti^ileh o«m.ir but «»»• «v« BofcumOly tnitied tnn 
%hi.9 list* 111* tii«d«ni is rettUNintod to refor to tistt Otatrip^ton as % rvaoio 
of fnn.Ulr>j>i2ing hktmU «lto the tlid}«ib«4 eni with ttie ty^ fori iOluotrotod 
to tho r^up* (fip* )• 



5 K^ 



K 




TO IHE MEMORIE 

of the dcceafed Authoiir Maifter 

W. Shakespeare. 

fHake-fpearCj at length thy pious fdkwes pue' 
\The world thy Workes : thy WorkeSyhy which, mt 'Hue 
*Thy Tombe, thy name mujl • when thatjione is rent^ 

AndTmediffoluesthyStridoTdMonimentt 

tJerifte al'me fI)aS <view theeJl'tlL This ^ooke. 

When 'Brajfe and Marhlejadejjhali make thee looke 

Ft-ejhto ai Jges'.ttfhenTofientie 

Shatt hath what* s neTt>jthinke all is prodegie 

That is not Shake-fpearcs ; eury Line,each^erfi 

HerefhaUreuiueyedeeme thee from thy Herfe. 

ISlor Fire^nor canhrtng Age^as Nz{o /aid, 

OfhiSjthy^it'fraught ^ookejhall once inuat^, 

Norjhall I ere beleeue, or thinkethee dead ; 

(ThoughmiJl)''vntiU our hankront Stage hefpei 

0mpofsfhle) with feme ne'^finu^t'out'd^. 

^a/siom ofln\ict,and herKoOKo 4 
, Or tiU Jheare a Scene more nobly /s»^<^ .. . 
\Theft Hfhen thy half Sword parlyingVLmvm^ff<ike^ 

Till thefe, till any of thy V'olumesrejt ■ 

Shall iptth more fire ^more feeling he exprejiy 

^efure^our Shake=fpeare, thou canft neuer dye, 

!But croTpnd with LaTtfrellJliue eternally. 



M/' 



I/.Digges. 



ki 



L.DICCES'POEM 



EEHIMMOiTT 

/ / / 

A aS cc dd ee f hhiioofr fttu ftM 



/ / 



/ / / / / / 



:D L SS W gg II 



/ / 



A EE H K P R S 

/ / / / 

10 11 U 13 




/ / 

H I N-^R 3 



i&,^ 



/ 

15 



aa dd ee f fihpii kk 11m nn oo pp rr'ff sstt 

/ / // // / / // / // // 

■AA 'B^ FF HR IJ LL MAf 

/ / / / / / / 

|N^ 00 (P? 5^ J:T vf WW 



16 



// 



COPYRIGHT 1916 
RIVERBANK COMPANY. 



/ / 

aa hb a dd ee ff gx^i^^ " kk II mmj 
////// ///// V 

«« 00 pp rr SS ff tt uu^'V wH? xx yy 
/■////'/// / / / / 

^m '.sistsis iimi ihjhjhjJ) jfjf ftftflft 

// // // // // // / // // // 



THE ALPHABET5.- 



/ 



\^ 



m.^ 



SlUKlCStlAriS tliUO 1623 

L. Pica: 3 ?o>3.! 

lOTilK 'il-'ioa lEoft hedec eased Autho urMai sterW oH/JCE 3fE.iVH EiHak esp«a reatl enpth 
aaLab b3,aan oaaaa abbaa aaaba sbaaa baeab abbab aabab baabb aabaa ba&na baabb obaba 

thypi ousfe llowo sgiue Thewo rldth y*orlc esthy «crke eby^ icheu tliue ThyTo mbeth 
aaaaa ababb abaaa baaab aoaaa baabb baaba aabbb abbab baaaa abbab aabab aaaaa ababa 

ynane riustw honth atsto neiar ontAn dTime aieso luest hyotr atfor dlloni laanti: are*e 
nbata baaba aabbb aaba°. abbba ababa aaaaa babba baaab aabbb aabaa baaaa aabaa baaba 

allue shall vietrt heest lllTh isBeo kei?he nBras seand Uarbl efada shall siaket haelo 
abbab aabab abbab b aa ^ n aabat abbba baabb aaaab abaha abaaa baaab aabbb aabaa aaabb 

•keyj- sahto allAg esvhe nPost eriti eJial Heat h«hat anewt hinke alii 9 prcde Eie'^i 
aaaab babba ababb aaaaa baaaa ababa abbab babaa aabaa aabba baaaa aabaa aabaa abbaa 

atiai etaia keape areno uryLi neeac hVera eHere ahall reulu erede eneth eefre arthyH 
aabaa abbba aabaa aabaa ababa aabaa baaab aabbb ■"^q»^fl abaab aabaa baaab abbba aabaa 

erseJi orFir enorc ankri ngAge aaNas osald Ofhia thywi tfrau ghtB* ekeah alien ceinu 
aaaaa baaaa nabaa aaaaa abbaa aaabb abbab auibab baaba aabbb aabaa baaba babaa abbab 

adoJIo rahal llore belee ueort hinke theed tadiTi euphm istTn tille urban kreut 3taee 
aaaaa abbaa aaabb baaba babaa aabaa abbaa baaba babba abbaa abbab babaa abbba baabb 

boape dJapo ssibl ffwith aemen ewstr alnet eutde Paeai onsef lulle tandh erFlem eeOrt 
baaba abbeb baabb baaba aabab abbab baaaa baaba aabbb aabaa aabab abaaa baaau baaab 

llljh earea U:ene noren oMyt akelTi en'wfao nthyh alf jw erdpa rlyin gHema naepa keTil 
baaba baaba abaaa ababb aabaa baaab abbab ababb aabaa ■"■'"'^ baaaa aabaa aaaaa ababa 

Itheo etill 9nyef thyVo luraes reat: hallw Itiime peflr enore feell ngboe xpree tCeau 
baaba aabaa baaaa aaabb baaba abbab aaaba abbab abbaa baaba abaaa abbaa baabb aabaa 

reeur -Jiolce spear ethou cuist neuer dye.-u tcrow nd^t hl.a»r ellll ueeie mall yli)iE 
aabbb abaaa baaab aabbb rbaaa biiaab baaba abbab baaaa babba aabab baaab baaba 

COS 



?r-ir.ci3 of YemlM is auther of all the playa heretofore published 
by Uarlewe, Greene, ?eele, Jh:i:<.eapeare, and of the t«»-and-ta«nty nev put out for the 
first time. Oeme are alter'd to continue hia listory. 

y. ST. A. 



of %im tfi««a«erl0ti«a 
•f the '^a" ani «V fom Uttwv 



tt» l«ttflx>o ftfflxed l)f WQr ©f iUuatratioa hsw 
bMB ttm%oi^9f»»d tnm tte 1623 if^iio fa ths Ba^mji 
OftUMUm aB4 bam Um mOmtgU to ti»«« eat oM^hird 
Urn dlMBaUM •€ tteft orieijKa, to f^»ilitate ifa* atu^ 
of tTioir chftfattfHPlsUA*. 

>to a dsavljrtlaB of ti« rorjEm lottery tfedek 
ocour rolaUwly infirvquently, cud of ahld» thim ia 
oftan hvA ann ilXutitr'-vtioa on a pe^pit tho rtndont it 
nfofTvd to tiM Aawirtli^ iter* «u the i>eom 2«ttars 
uaed ia the I.H. ai« ti» 9igm» pmml tli» PreXeea^ tiie 
Ca*«l«gtt% 4n4 «» IteM of th« Prlncl ,au Aowihaw 
teen eaneataed. ^ 



UPPER CASE ITAI.IC LETTERS IN 
"TIJE L. DIGkffiS POEM" 



A Form 



Tne typical letter is plain 
with high, straight bar. A 
kern or a dot in the letter 
chajiges it fron a to b_ or vice 
versa. 



A A 



B Form 



The typical letter is plain wi'fti 
a curved or slanting bar, as seen 
in the alahabet. 



Base tends sliglitly upward 
at left, or is level. Width 
in the upper p.&rt less than in the 
b-form. 



i 




Base tends downward at left. 
Width of upper part greater than in 
the a-fonn. 



Top line slender and only 
slightly slantii-ig; not parallel 
to seripb of base. 




No example 



Resembles roraan type; heavy 
and wide at the top with level 
soriphs and level bar. 



ti 



No example 



Plain, resembling roman type. 




Curved top and curved stem 
with kern at base and a cross-bar. 



/ 



Some\n;at heavier than the 
b-form. The b&so line is nearly 
uniform tiiroughout; is not as 
well drawn as in the b-fom. 




Tall and slender. The base 
line thickens gradually toward the 
right. 



UPPER CASE ITALIC LETSRS IN 
"THE L. 0ICK3SS POE^r 



A Forni 

Curved kern at the right* 
Third line light. Seriphs 
at top and bottom of first 
line parallel; seriph at 
right slants downward. 



M 



M 



B Forn 



No examole* 



Connecting line sliort. 
The letter differs from the 
romaji letter by the slant, 
and by rounded kerns on the 
heavy line. 



Letter slanting, oval 
distinctly pointed at the 
base. 



'N 







No example. 



No example* 



Has a nearly even curve 
in the top at the right. 



<?■ 



No example. 



Erect; round curves. 



Si • s 



Wide; sla-nting; flat curves. 



Curved top. 



r ' T 



straight top; form resembles 
roman type. 



Curved; often described 
ao bowl-fihapod. 






p 



Angular, like the roman 
letter v/ith the slant of the 
italic . 



A tail, well-r-ada letter. 



fV 



W 






Erect) second and fourth 
strokes light; first and third 
heavy. 

1,'otico that this form is changed 
to a by a dot- 



LOWSR CASE ITALIC LETTliRS IN 



•THE 



A Form 



in 



The letter Is well-made; the 
oval uBually ehows angle or 
ehoulder and rounds gradually to 
the line of writing, making the 
letter somewhat wider at the base 
than the corresponding letter in 
the b-fonn; also the oval has the 
appearance of a complete £ placed 
ouch a way that a part of one side 
rests on the upright and often 
projects sufficiently to give the 
stem the appearance of bending out. 
ward near the center. 

Oval rounded at top; upright 
straight nearly to the base. 



Roundness commences near top; 
eurva at base usually wide. 



Stem has no wave line, but 
sometiiaes turns slightly to the 
left at top; toe upturned; loop 
leaves ston and rejoins it at some- 
what obtuse angle. 



DIGGES POEU. 

a 



b 



t 



'^ 



B Form 



The letter is somewhat narrower at 
the base than the a-form; ovdtl pointed; 
upright is often either uniform or 
slightly heavier at top. Letter slant- 
ed. 



Oval pointed at top and narrow at 
base. 



Roundness commences near center of 
back; curve at base usually narrow. 



Wave line in stem, angle between 
stem and top of oval acute; point of 
jointure below, somewhat high on stem. 



A line drawn through the loop 
of this letter beginning at the 
left of the oval where it loaves 
the stem and running through the 
opposite point of the oval, inter- 
sects the line of the end of the 
curve of the base produced either 
above or below the line of writing. 

Letter slantod; straight top, or 
if curved, showing a small neck at 
left. 



The lower loop is attached to the 
center of the oval; the connecting 
line usually heavy and angular. 




£ 






A line di^wn through the loop of 
this letter beginning at the left of 
the oval where it leaves the stem and 
running through the opposite point of 
the oval, will run parallel to the 
line of the end of the curve of the 
base produced. 



Letter stands nearly erect; top 
curved. 



The lower loop Is attached a little 
to the loft of the center of the 
oval; the connecting line is usually 
thin. 



LOV/ER CASS ITALIC 
"THE DI3GES 



A Fora 



LETTERS IN 
POEU." 



B Fom 



The stem of tnis letter is 
not characteristic, unless perhaps 
sli'htl/ pointed at the base; a 
line drawn upward through the 
loop eo as to intersect' it at the 
zniddla of the upper part of the 
curve tends only slightly toward 
the right. 

In the typical letter of this 
class the base is usually round- 
ed; the kerns do not correspond, — 
that is, one will be straight 
and the other curved. 



The typical letter is some- 
what light, narrow at base; the 
loop is slender and rounded; 
queue shows a wave line. 



1) 



I, 



1" 

t 




The stem of this letter is 
characteristic; a line drawn upward 
throigh the loop so as to intersect 
it at the middle of the upper part 
of the curve tends pronouncedly 
to'jrard the right. 



In the typical letter of this 
class the karns at the ends, whether 
curved or straight, show a corres- 
pondence with each other. 



The typical letter is broad and 
spreading at the base; the loop 
angular. The letter is usually broad 
and heavier than the a-forra k 



The typical letter usually 
ehors a slight wave line in 
the 3te::n. The angle made by 
the kern and the stem is large. 

Double letters are governed 
by the law of digraphs, not by 
that of single letters. 

The second loop is shorter 
at the top and turned slightly 
to the right; width of loops 
nearly equal at base; top kern 
Inclined to sharpness; kern at 
tnss usually close. 

.Letter slanting; top kem in- 
clined to sharpness; kern at base 
u«ijtilly clear. The loop tends 
toward tne right at the top in the 
ear:e rannner as that of the second 
loop in the si-form of m. 



/ / 



m m 



n n 



Thera are many vari.eties of 
siLRll o_ and it is difficult to 
esnign them to their proper classes. 
The a-foi-m letters show the slant 
chrtrncteristio of that forn and are 
best classified by coinpHring them 
with the capital letter, which is 

^•eo 3Jf!^■aotrical than the b-forn. 







The typical letter has the stem 
rounded into a small, close kern. 



Nearly even at top; second loop 
wider at base than tne first; top kern 
rounded and corresponds to the kern at 
the base. 



Nearly erect; top kern usually 
rounded; the two kerns correspond. The 
letter shows a wideness at the base 
corresponding to that of the second 
loop in the jb-form of m. ^ 

If a line were drawn lightly along 
the inside of the capital of the _b- 
form it would show almost perfect ayra- 
metry. This appears also in all the 
well-printed lower-case letters of tiiie 
form. 



LOWKR CASE ITALIC LETTERS IN 
"THE DIGGES POSU." 



A Form 



B Fom 



Stem of nearly uniform thick- 
neB8 tnroughout, or slightly 
ehaded below the line of writing; 
loop shows only slight narrowing 
toward the base, but slants down- 
ward where joined to the upright. 

Has the slant that is character- 
istic of the a-form. The first 
kern is small and tends to sharp- 
ness; the second kern is rounded. 
There is usually greater breadth 
in the a-form than in the jD-fona. 

There are long and short letters 
in both forms. The base in either 
case is nearly horizontal. The long 
s of the a-form is more slanting 
than in the b-form. 



Has a base like the small 1_ of 
this class; the stem has the aama 
slant as the 1 . 



The typical letter of this 
class has the characteristic slant -— ^ 
of the a-form; the first kern straight; 
the second curved, or vice versa . 
The connecting line between the up- 
rights is lower th&n in the b_-form. fTF y 
The rounded base is typical of both ' ^^ 
the upper and lower case letters of 
this form. 




r\ r. 




y- 



First point of base sharp; second Zfcr 
point blunt. The letter is flat ^^ 
topped. 



"8? 



stem often thick at top; loop 
joins the upright almost at a right 
angle. 



The left kern ia usually distinct 
and strong; the two differ only 
slightly. The upward stroke of the 
letter is usually strong and distinct. 
The letter is usuedly somewhat narrow 
at the top. 

The long s of the ^-form is usually 
upturned at the base and the slant 
of the letter is not loarked. The 
short letter has the same character- 
istics. 



The characteristic b-form 
letter is well-made; the Kern at base 
free and clear. 



Letter nearly erect; the kerns 
correspond with each other. The conneirt 
ing line joins the second upright at 
a higher point than in the a-form. 
The angular letter, like the second 
half of tne tall_w is tae typical 
letter in the b-form. 



Both points of base simrp; first 
and third strokes on the left extend 
in curves above the level of the body 
of tne letter. 



No example. 



Narrow at top; second stroke 
bends toward the first. 




X 



y 



Narrower than the a-form; the left 
kern at the base is not thick and 
rounded as in the ^-form, but leaves 
the line at a soraewhat sharp ani>e. 



V/ide at top; a well-made letter. 



ITALIC DIGRAPHS IIJ 
"THE DIGCEES PGE!.:" 



A Form 



'0 exanple- 



The union of a short, v/ell- 
made i^ with an ^ that is very an- 
gular at the base gives the combi- 
nation "aa" . 

The union of an _i vrell-round- 
ed at the base vri.th an j having a 
long top and narrow base gives the 
combiriation "eh"' 

The union of a delicate, well- 
made e_ that is well-rounded at the 
top with an ]i also delicate that has 
a narrov/ loop, gives the combination, 
"aa". 

The union of a delicate, long ^ 
well-rounded at the top with an h 
which shov/s a distinct wideniiig of 
the loop at the ndddle point gives 
the combination "ab". 



is 



ts 




:.o example- 



:.'o exanple 



The union of a delicate, long 

_a having a wide curve ai the top, 
with a t, having a slanting bar and some- 
Mihax vdde angle betv/een the foot and the 
sten, gives the combination "aa"- **' 



having a T.dde curve at the top, with 
a ^ having a bar nearly horizontal 
a foot soraev.'hat closer t'lan the one 
juct described above, gives the com 
bination "ah". 



Jf 
If 

hft Ji 




^ Form 

T^. ,.;ion of on f_ having f. 
curved vop with an i having e 
rounded base and a sharp head, 
gives the combination "ba" • 

The union of a sharply 
pointed ± with an ^ having a 
long top and narrow base, gi\'6s 
the combination "bb". 

The union of a sharply 
pointed ± with an _s narrow at 
the base gives the combiriatio»i 
"ba". 

The union of aii _s having 
a flat top with an h that show* 
widens ss at the middle of the 
loop, gives the combination 
"bb". 

The union of an ^ shov^'.r^ 
^c~f>\^at more strength than 
tht preceding, and having a 
flat top with an h that has a 
narrow loop, gives the combi- 
nation " ba" . 

The union of two long _s's 
each having an upturned foot 
gives the combination "pp"/ 

llie union of the long _s 
having a foot turning upward 
with one having an horizontal 
foot gives the combination "ba" 

The union of a long s_ 
having a narrow, curved head 
v/ith a t_ having a nearly hor- 
izontal bar gives the combina. 
tion "bb". 



The union of a somev/ha-: 
strong letter ^ having a col ■ 
. paratlvely narrow, curved to^ 



with a t^ having 
base, gives the 
"ba". 



an angular 
combination 



tt» foUniag group (yp* ) voniUt* of a, ^Jtotc 7^ ..^ ilc ai>;:i!y ti liio i^r«y.flgui% 

di»MK Tiiwnw ill* pl99' of *'X)P»UiMi add Care»«lA»'^ vm n»t f««MVi»tod ia tte 
ColalAf^^* & th« mm wmum " as In tha pVBeaftIng eret^ thiu croi^ ia amngad 
la tlw ordnr «f (1) ISm PnlU&m^ <2) the 3a>'v>l)at« (3) tiie Oocipltoirv i ^ . .„ 

M i3m taaA of tltit sronp (9P* ) «ill ^ fomi « fun d»«ri|iUMi of thf» 

rtMBfttfirtdbaa Af taAh ^rpitnl IrlrUnp of ^^T> f ornu^ snd aloo of their rst^iMtlvB 
mriiiuf* Iiottar* nideh oeour but aa«« ere oaturoUjr oaittod firon tilt UU^ Hm 
■tiMliili !• rtnnwr—iltil to r^«r to this te«ari|itiaB «• « umm ftf taoillarlaiac 
kteMlf «ith tlw AflHtet «id «ith the typo fans illttstiracltd in Ute group, (rip. ^ 



<t> 




r "'i r-' 

INTroji there lyes'pUp Scene: From lies of Greece 
The 'Princes OrgtHmSj their high blood chafd' 
HaM to the f art of Athens Jhit their Jhippes 
Fraught with theminijlers and injlrumcnts 
Ofcruell Warre : Sixiyand ?iine that wore 
Their (^rownets l^cgall^frotn th' Athenian Uy 
Tut forth to^l^ard Thrygta, and their 'Vo'^ is made 
To ranftcke Troy , y^ithin whofeftrong eniures 
Therauip/dHcUn, Menelaus Queene, 
TVith wanton ?^n$fleepeSj and that's the QuarrelL 
To Tenedos they come. 
And the deepe'draTi^i^ig Barke do there dijgorge 
Their Tp ar like fraut age : now on Varddn Tlaines 
Thefrep) andyet wnhruifed Greekes do pitch 
Their hraue'Pauillions.Vnzms fix'gated Qty, .. 
Dardan and Tinibria, Helia5> Chetas, Troi^^ 
And AntcnoriidvLS Ti?ithmafsieStaples ^v 
And correfponjiue andfidfillin^^idtf4 > ^^'Jt'-t^^ - «>;,'. . 

StirrervptheSOmtfsMf^oy.f -^ 4'-^'r'^!04M^^V-':i^^^^^ ' '- 










Ko-^ ExpSB4timickhx skntiff^f^'ltiy 

On one ani other Jide^Troian And Greektf 

Sets altonha^d. And htiher ^Jfcome^ 

ATr9lo»tejf^'d^i>jii7iQti^ 

OfAuthoripen, or^Al^orsvtyiei hut fitted 

Jnlikec<ir^tm^fiii'otirAr^nmenti 

to tellyoH (faire {Beholders) that our Thy - 

Leapes art the rvamt And fir flings ofthofe hroyktf. 

^egin7Hn£inlhmmle:fiar ting thence iCtfiay^ , 

Towhatmfih^Mitfdfl^^^ < -v'iv ' 
:rK^w^^tiiid^'tith^tU€ha,nceof^ 






..•lij' 



.W 



ii 



THE PROLOGUE 

A4 m CC vh BE FP G'G HH IJ LL 



If 



/ / 



/ / 



/ / 



Kisi~0Wf Q_g^\^ssYTww 



/ / 



/ / 



'm hh CC M e^ ffgg M it kk It mm kn 

/ ///// / // ///' / 



'~^. — r"^ 



^i^ ^Kff ^f tt i*u <vv mlft; xx yy^. 



/////// / / 

6 7 8 9 



/ / / 



*r"— — ■ r- 



'// // // // //' 



// // 



It It 



/ / // // / // 



4CLB f H Rf ^p t 
/ / " / 

aa t> dd ee hh ii 11 ^ M^o ftr s^ Ct uo 



/ / / / / 



/ / / / / / 




-JA 



F>^" />>.•<.: ■• --t-^.i 



00 fr 



/ / / / 

EXA MPLES OF LETTE RS CHANGEDjB YJDOTS. 



— THE ALPHABETS.— 



COPYRIGHT 1916 
RIVERBANK COMPANY. 



uO 



:V' 



vV-^' 



SHAKE SPEAHE POUO 1623 

Theft- ologu er.TT oyThe relye rtheS cenaF romll esofG reeco ThePr iaces Oreil loust 
aabab baaaa aaaaa abbaa aaaba abaaa baaab baaab baaba aaaaa ababa aaaab aaLa abbC 

heirh ighbl oodch ardHa uetot hePor tofAt henas enUh eirsh iooes ?raug htwit h^hen 
aaabb aabaa baaab aaaia aabaa abbaa aaabb aabaa aaabb aabab baaaa ahhS ababb baaba 

inisit ersaa dinrt rumen tsOfc ruell larre Sixty andnl netha t«re Ihair Crown etsOe 
aaiDb aabaa ababb abaaa aabba aabbb baaba babba aabbb aabaa baaaa abbab aabaa baaab 

gallf ronth Athen ianba yPutf ortht oward Phryg laand their vowis made" orans ackeX 
abbab aabab baaba baaaa abbab babba ababa abbab baabb abaaa abbaa aabba f^'^'\ nn abbaa 

roywi thinw hoses trong enrure slher auiah dHele nilene laus^ ueene Withw anton Paris 
aaabb baaaa aabaa baabb aabaa baaaa abaaa abbaa aabba baaba aabbb aabaa baaab aabaa 

sleep eaand thate the>iu arrel IToTe nedos theyc omeAn dthed oeped rawin gBark edoth 
abbaa abbab aaaab ababa aabaa aaaaa abbaa aaaba aabaa baaab baaba abbab baaaa baaab 

eredi agorg eThoi rwarl ikefr autag enovo nDard anPla ineaX hefre shand yetvn bruie 
aabbb abaaa aaabb abaaa abbaa aabbb abaaa baaab babaa baaaa abaaa baaba abaaa abbaa 

edGre ekesd opitc hlhei rbrau ePaui llion sPria mssix gated CityD ardtm andTl mbria 
aabba baaab aabbb abbab ababb aabaa baaaa baaab abaaa ababa ababa abaaa >*»»»» , aaabb 

Helia sChei aeXro ienAn dAnte nonid uswit famass ieSta plea\ ndcor respo nsiue andfu 
ba£U.b nnnnn abbaa aaabb abbab aaabb babba baaab baaab aabaa babba abaaa abbaa aaaba 

Ifill ingBo ItsSt irrev ptheS onnea ofTro yJIo* xpect ation tickl ingok ittis hspir 
abaaa abbba aabbb aabaa baaaa babaa abaaa baaba aabbb baaba aabbb aabaa aaaaa aabaa 

itsOn onean dothe raide Troia nandO reeke Getea llonh aiard Andhi thera mJcom eAPro 
abbaa aabaa abaaa aaabb abbab aabab baaba aabbb aabaa abbaa abbab aaaab ababa aabaa 

lofiue arradb utnot incon fiden ceOfA uthor openo rActo rsvoy cebut suite dJnli kecon 
baabb abaaa baaaa aabba abaia ababa abbba baaaa abaaa abbaa aaaba aabaa abbab aabab 

ditio naaso urArg uraent Totel lyouf aireB ehold ersth atour PlayL eapea oreth ovaun 
ababa aaaaa baaba abaaa abbaa abbba abbab aabaa baaba baaab abaaa abbaa baaab aaaba 

tandf irstl ingso fthoe ebroy lesBe ginni ngint hemid dlest artin gthen ceawa yTowh 
baaaa abaaa nanab abaaa abbaa aabba baaba aabbb aabaa ababa aabaa baaba baaba aabaa 

atmtiy bedig ested inaPl ayLik eorfi ndefa ultdo asyou rplea svu-ee oroUo wgood orbad 
baaaa baaab baaba abbab aabaa ababa abaaa babbb aaaaa annnb aabaa baaba aabbb baaaa 

tisbu tthec hance ofWar re 
aabab baaab baaba eiaaaa 



Deciphered Llesaa^e 

Francis 3t. Alba^i, descended from the nighty heroes ef Troy, lovin-; and 

revering; these i.o le ancestors, hid in his witinga Honer'a Illiado and Odyssey 

(in Cipher), with the AEneid of tl.e i.oble Virgil, prir.ce of Latin poets, inscribing 

tr^ letters to Zlizabeth, R* 

T. 55t. A. 



9SSCRIPTZ0NS 
•f the chax>aeieri8ilc8 

of the "a" and •*b" form letters 

SB 
rOS PaOLOGUE" 



Qw letters affixed by way of illustration have 
been i^otographed from the 1623 Folio in the Newberry 
Collection and have been enlarged to three and one-third 
the dimensions of the original, to facilitate the study 
of their eharacterietioe* 

For a description of the rosEin letters, vfaich 
occur relatirely infrequently, -aid of ^diich there is 
often but one illustration on a page, the student is 
referred to the Appendix, where all t}\e ronian letters 
used in the I*M. sad the Dlgges peeB% the Prologue, the 
Catalogue, and the Nioaes of the Prineipall Actors, have 
been asseabled. 



UPPER CASE ITALIC LETTERS IN 



A Form 



The typical letter is 
plain with high, straight 
bar- A kern or a dot in the 
letter changes it from a to 
b or vice versa. 



Baee tends slightly upward 
at left or is level. Width 
in the upper part less than in 
the b-f orm. • 



"THE PROLOGUE" 



jii 





!B 



B Form 



The typical letter ie plain 
with a curved or slanting bar, 
as seen in the alphabet* 



Base tends downward at left^ 
Width of upper part greater 
than in the a«^orm> 



A long letter extending 
below the line* 



Mo example 



Curved top and level base* 



E 



No exaniple 



Hie line at the top hori- 
zontal and not parallel to the 
base. The kern nearly vertical 
and heavy* 



Top line slender and only 
slightly slanting; not parallel 
to the aeriph of the base. 



The ahort upright line is 
nearly vertical. 



No example* 





'— *! 



No example. 



Top heavy and slants paralldl 
to the seripb of the base* 



The short line slants toward 
the base* 

Slants and is light at left 
side. Left upper aeriph slants 
upward slightly, the right 
wriph a little downward. 



Plain, resembling rooan type. 



Ciurved top and curved stem 
with kern at base and a cross- 
bar. 



Tall and slender. The base 
line thickens gradually toward 
tlM right. 



Some«*iat heavier than the 
&-forT3. The baae line is nearly 
uniform throughout; la not as 
«*11 drawn as in the ••form. 




A Form 



Connecting line short* 
The letter differs from the 
roman letter by the slant, eind 
by rounded keras on the heavy line 



Letter slantiiig, oval 
distinctly pointed at the basei 



Slightly narrower than the 
b-fona; has a nearly even curve 
in the top at the right • 



Top ovEil pointed; long queue 
turns upward and is more grace- 
ful than in the b-form- 



Level top, extending well 
to the left, ending in a rovind- 
ed kern. Upright reaches to the 
top of the letter. 

Wide; slaiiting; flat carves. 



Curved top 



UPPER CASE ITALIC LETTERS IN 
"THE PROLOGUE" 



B Form 



N 





Connecting line long and 
extends below the line of 
writing. This is the distinct- 
ive difference between the two 
forms. 



Oval top and bottom only 
slightly pointed. Letter 
well.^s^e and neeirly erect. 



Near the middle of the loop 
the b-forra is wider than the 
a-form, but the curve at the 
right flattens near the top. 

Top oval broad; long queue 
somewhat awkwardly attached 
and turns downward at the left. 



No example. 



Erect; round curves. 



Straight top; form resembles 
roman typo. 



Erect; second and fourth 
strokes light; first and third 
heavy. 



ir w 



A tall, well-made letter. 



LOVER CASE I'l'AIJC IJ-VllERS IN 
'TiJE PROLOGLE TO TROILUS AliD CRES5IDA" 



A Form 



B Form 



Typical a.-form is v/ell-made; 
the oval usually sliows an angle or 
shoulder, and rounds gradually to 
the line of v/riiing, making the 
letter somewhat wider at the base 
than the corresponding letter in 
the b^-forrn; also the oval has the 
appearance of a complete o^ placed 
in such a v?ay that a •oart of one 
side rests on the upright, and 
often projects sufficiently to 
give the stem the appearance of 
bending outward near the center. 

Oval rounded at top; up- 
ri£;ht straight nearly to the base* 



Roundness commences near 
top; curve at base usually wide. 



U 4 



h 



Somewhat narrower at base 
than the ^-form; oval pointed; 
upright is often either uniform 
or slightly heavier at top. 
Letter slanted* 

Note: The classification of the 
a in "slx-g«ted" (line 15) has 
to be decided by the context. 



Oval pointed at top and 
narrow at base. 



Roundness commencec near 
center of back; curve at base 
usually narrow. 



Stem has no v,rave line, but 
sometimes turns slightly to the 
left at the top; foot upturned; 
loop leaves stem and rejoins it 
at a somewhat obtuse angle. 

A line drawn through the 
loop of this letter beginning 
at the left of the oval where 
it leaves the stem and running 
through the opposite point of the 
oval, intersects the line of the 
end of the curve of the base pro- 
duced either above or belov/ the 
line of writing. 

Letter slanted; straight 
top, or, if curved, showing a 
saall neck at left. 



d 



ei 



/ 7 



Wave line in stem; arAgle 
between stem and top of oval 
acute; point of jointure below 
somewhat high on stem. 



A line drawn through the 
loop of this letter beginning 
at the left of the oval where 
it leaves the stem and running 
through the opposite point of 
the oval, will run parallel to 
the line of the end of the curve 
of the base produced. 



Letter stands nearly erect; 
top curved. 



LO'AER CASE ITALIC 1£TTERS IN 
"THE PROLOGUE TO TROILUS AJ-T) CRESSIDA" 



A Form 

Tne lower loop is attached 
to the center of the oval; the 
connecting lino usually heavy 
arid angular" 



£ S 



B Form 

The lower loop ia attached 
a little to the left of the . 
center of the oval; the connect- 
ing line is usually thin* 



The stem of this letter 
is characteristic; a line drawn 
upward through the loop so as to 
intersect it at the middle of the 
upper part of the curve tends pro- 
nouncedly tov/ard the right* 



In the typical letter of 
this class the base is usually 
rounded; the kerns do not 
correspond, that is, one will 
be straight and the other curved| 

The typical letter of this 
class has the characteristic stem 
of the ai-form, is broad and 
3pr*ading at the Vasa; the loop 
angular. The letter is usually 
broad and heavier than the ^- 
form of Jc- 

The typical letter of this 
class has the characteristic a- 
form stem rounded into a small, 
close kern* 



The second loop shorter at 
top and turns slightly to the 
right; v/idth of loops nearly 
equal at base; top kern inclined 
to sharpness; kern at base usually 
close* 



H h 



t t 



k A 



n 



rh m 



The stem of this letter is 
not characteristic, unless, per- 
haps, slightly pointed at the 
base; a line drawn upward 
through the loop so as to inter- 
sect it at the middle of the 
upper part of the curve tends 
only slightly toward the right* 

Tn the typical letter of 
this class, the kerns at the ends, 
unlike tho se o f the a-f onn, 
whether curved or straight, show 
a correspondence with eeujh other* 

The typical letter of the 
^-form is somewhat light, narrow 
at base; the loop is slender and 
rounded; queue shows a wave line* 



The typical letter of this 
class usually shows a slight wave 
line in the stem. The angle made 
by the kern and the stem is leu*ge* 
Double letters are governed 
by the law of digraphs, not by 
that of single letters* 

Nearly even at top; second 
loop v/ider at base than the first; 
top kern rounded, and corresponds 
to the kern at the base* 



LO'iiER CASE ITALIC LETTERS DJ 
"THE PROLOGUE TO TROILUS AND CRESSIDA" 



A Form 

Letter slanting; top 
kern inclined to sharpness; 
kern at base usually clear* 
The loop tends toward the 
ti£;ht at the top in the sa-ne 
manner ob that of the second 
loop in the &-iorm of m. 

There are many varieties 
of small o_ and it is difficult 
to assign them to their proper 
claeees. The a-form letters show 
the slant characteristic of that 
form and are best classified by 
conparing them v.dth the capital 
letter, which is less synnnetrical 
than the ^-form. 

Stem of nearly uniform 
thicknesr throughout, or slightly 
shaded beloy; the line of writing; 
loop shows only slight narrowing 
towsTd the base, but slants down- 
ward where joined to the uptight. 

Letter has the slant that 
is characteristic of the ^-fona« 
The first kern is snail and tends 
to sharpness; che second kern is 
rounded. There is usually greater 
breadth at the top in the ^-f orm 
than in the b_-form- The two forms 
may be compared in "warre", (line 5). 

There are long and short 
letters in both forme. The base 
in either case is nearly horizontal 
The long s of the ^-form is more 
slanting than in the ^-f orra. 



n 











p p 



r 



s 



B Form 

Nearly erect; top kern 
usually rounded; the tv/o kerns 
correspond. The letter shows a 
wideness at the base correspond 
ing to that of the second loop 
in the b-fom of m« 



If a line were drawn lightly 
along the inside of the capital 
^ of the ^-fonn it would show 
almost perfect symmetry. This 
appears also in all the well- 
printed lower-case letter? of this 
form. 



Stem often thick at top; 
loop joins the upright almost 
at a right angle. 



The left is usually distinct 
and strong; the two differ only 
slightly. The upward stroke of 
the letter is usually strong and 
distinct. The letter is usually 
somewhat narrow at the top. 



The long s of the ^-form 
is usually uptunied at the base 
and the slant of the letter is 
not marked. The short letter has 
the same characteristics. 



r^ 



LOWER CA^ ITALIC USnSRS IN 
"THE PROLOGUE TO TROILUS AND CRESSIDA* 



A Form 

The ^-form letter has a 
base like the small 1^ of this 
class; the stem has the same 
slant as the !• 



B Form 

The characteristic ^-form 
letter is well-made; the kern 
at the base is free and clear* 



The typical letter of 
this class has the slant of 
the a-form; the first kern 
etraight; the second curved, 
or vice versa * The connecting 
line between the uprights is 
lower than in the Jb-f orm« 

The rotmded base is 
typical of both upper and 
lower-case letters of this form* 

First point of base sharp, 
second point blunt* The letter 
is flat topped* 



- L, 

w 






Letter nearly erect; the 
kerns correspond with each otho** 
The connecting line joins the 
second upright at a higher point 
In the ^-f orm than in the a* 

The angular letter, iTke 
the second half of the tall w, 
is the typical letter in the ^- 
form- 



Both points of base sharp; 
first and third strokes on the 
left extend above the line of 
the body of the letter* 



Wide; the kerns at the top i 
and bottom of the light stroke _ 
are rounded* J/Cl 



V/ide at top; a vrell-made 
letter in this form* 




X: 



y 



Narrower than the a form; 
the left kern at the base is 
not thick and rounded like the 
a form, but leaves the line at 
a somewhat sharp angle* 

Narrow at top; second 
stroke bends toward the first* 



No example 



K. 



V/ide with long queue. 



ITALIC DIGRAPHS IM 
"Tffi PROLOGUE" 



The union of a having a 
sharp base v/ith ^ having a 
narrow top, gives the combi- 
nation "aa«" 



dS 



JIo examole 



The union of a round backed 
£ having a somswhau angular base, 
with a t^ that comes well down to 
the line with the sLant character- 
istic of the ^form, gives the 
combination "aa»" 




ct 



B 



The union of a narrow £ round- 
ed at base; with _t that bends 
slightly, gives the combination 
•bb." 



A well-made f, having the 
slant of an ^-form letter, joined 
at the bar with an _i that is thick 
at the base, gives the combination 
"aa." 




fi 



No examole 



A well-formed _f having the f^ 

slant of the letter just described .^V^ 

above, joined \7ith a tall, angular » f 

If gives the combination " ab" t 



fi 



fi 



The union of an _f more erect 
than the foregoing, having a 
head that bends well dovmward, 
with an i that is thick at the 
base, gives the combination ba »' 



The union of a v;ell-made jL 
rounded at base, with an _s having 
a nai'row top gives the combination 



PS 



is 



JJo example 



Ihe union of an ^ rounded 
at base with an _s haviiig a long 
ton, gives the combination "ab" 



u 



1b 



L'o examp).e 



ITALi: DIGRAPHS IN 
"THE FHOLOGUE" 



The inion of a delicate 
well-made a that is v?ell round- 
ed at the top with an h also dal- 
isate that has a narrow loop 
givas the corabination"aa". 




No exa^npl e 



The union of a delicate 
long _s well-rounded at the top 
with sn h ths.t shows a distinct 
widening of the loop at the 
middle point, gives the combi- 
nation "ab". 

The union of a long ^ reach- 
ing well out at the top, with an 
1 of nearly uniform thickness 
throughout and a free foot, gives. 
the conibination "ab" . 




P 




The union of an ^ showing 
somewhat more strength than the 
preceding and having a flat top 
with Eui h that has a narrow 
loop, gives the combination " ba". 



No exarapl e 



The union of a long _s having 
the slant of the _a-form and a 
•vide top, with a' £ having a irell- 
rouhded loop, gives the combination 
aa« 



The union of a long _3 having 
a wide top with £ that has a loo] 
very narrow at its base, gives ti 
oo:rroination "ab". 




No example. 



No example* 



The union of a delicate long 
_s having a wid,e curve at the top 
with a t having a slanting bar and 
6o:'\er:'''vit wide angle between the 
fo t and the stan, gives the combi' 
nation "aa" . 

The union of a delicate 
lont; 8 imving n wide curve 
at the top, with a t having 
a :s.r near'' y horizontal and 
a foo- son.ewhftt closer than 
the one desoribeil above, 
gives tie co:;itin--ition "ab" . 



ft n S 

-a/ ^ " bb' 




The union of a long s 

havinr a narrow, curved head, 
with a _t having a nearly hori- 
zontal bar gives the combination 
"bb". 







The union of a somewhat 
strong letter _e having a 
oomparitively narrow curved top, 
with a ^ having an angular base, 
gives the combination "ba" . 



The union of a u having 
blunt kerne with an ^ well- 
rounded at top and flat at 
base. 



Q HS H MfM 



In tills 0pe^p (pp. ) jU givm a iilio^agn^ltis Mpgr of IHw CaMLAgw^ 

pieisad at this pariloid«r pcfaii k«eauM of the Inf onnstl«n dorlA»d Dm th* 
dnM-phtroiBt of th« —fipi csf olded. Ibo wtiiw •etoKUac Xnnti« BaMs la 
maartlag to tte tiM «f a alpter 1* djaaoribad ia hla am aarda* It la not 
dlffiault ta wd artt— d bam a youth of ol^teao, bomiag alth a ana* af ta» 
iaalostlaa af a 4salal of the ri^ghta ta alULi^ hla rt^ftO. «Bttraatian antltlad hi% 
aMdd reaort to the isMtatlim and uoe of a (^iilMr f<ar eonvqriag the aXalaa 
iMA ka f aHrad te aaaMPt in^Xloly. aaali a fraaaailae «l«)it net te lUwly U 
aeeur ta a wmt of ■■!««« Hfi^ arcn in Baaen'a tlaav aNm alplHra vara at mat^ 
aaad* !£a a youth aa ha ttaa «a% ^la sMtthod af bafMathiag te a Ittanoy 
eataaatar aueh alalH% wuld mt be litoly to ai«^at Itaalf • ThmB laaginatiQa 
playa aa pert hwa* 

Ihla greii^ la ao&^letad by the additloa of the alphedhrt^ the daaMMiW 
amty «Bd the traBanrlptloa* 

At the ead af t^iia g/roap {pp» ) all! be found full deaeri^itiaM 

ef the aternaterletiea ef ae^ tyyleQl latter ef beth fo»a^ and alae ef thair 
i<aep«rtlVQ varlante* Lattera ahlah e a a ur ta4 aoee ara afl^eraUy endtted fr«n 
thla list* Iha studaat le raamiiiiidei te rafer te tiila deaerlpftiea aa a neaea 
ef fesdliorisiiig htaailf altii the alplta}«t and altti the type fora Sllualratad 
III the efpovf ^pp» )• 



A C AT ALOGVE 

of thefeUCrallComedicS^HilloricS, and Tra- 
gedies contained in this Volume. • ■; 



COMEDIES. 




He Tempefi. Folio i. 

The tTifo Gentlemen of Verona. 20 



The Merry Wines oflV'mdfor. 
Mtdfurefor Meafure. 
The Comedy ofBrrours. 
Much adoo about "Hothhig. 

ILoues Lahour loU. 
Midfom^mr Nights Vreame. 

It Merchant of Venice. 
Jsyoii Like it. 
The Taming of the Shrew. 
^0 is well, that Ends well. ' . 
TwelfeMighty or whatyoa will 
The Winters Tale. 



5S 
61 

loi 
122 

185 

.208 



HISTORIES. 



The Life and Death ofl^ng Joint, M |> 
Ufe <s^ death of Trichord thefemi^^ 



TheFirj}partofI\in^ Hnrry the fourth. '46 
The Second part ofly. i lenry the fourth. 74 
The Life ofI\Jng Henry the Fift. 6^ 

The Firflpa} t oflQn^ Henry the Sixt. 96 
The Second part of IQng Hen. tfje Sixt, izo 
The Third pariofiQngFLewy the Sixt. t^ '. 
The Life O' Veathofl^ardtheTU-iji'^ 
The Life oflQng Henry th Ei^, ^05 



TRAGEDIES. 



The Tragedy ofQa'iolanM. 

Titus Jndronicm. 

T^omeoand fuiiiet^ 

T^tmon of Athens. 

The Life and death offulitH Qffar. 

tbiWftt^ofUax^^ 

T^Tr^i^p/Hamkt, 
B^^Lear. 

W^lh^Moor.e^^j^ii ■ 

QiV^li>ttlCh^ 9f iBrmif, 



So 



.JuMMIiaiMi 



ii^OtlLitmli^hiiit 



m 




"A catalocve: 





: c H j; 

^dd ee f hh li 11 mm nn oo^rr ss f ttfu-ftf 
A C D EE G H I M OO RR SST^ 

/ / / / / 

a cc (id ee gghhiiJl mffilnn oo ss ttte 



/// //// / / / f ' 

10 U li 13 



^^ SS cc DD EE FE GG HH IJX^ 

////// //// 



zo 



aa hb cc dd ee ff ^^ hh il kk II mm'^ 

/ / / /// ///// / 

^ %i^ 

nn 00 p^ n ss ff tt uu myo xx yy ' 
/////il// / / // 

^ ftftftfi ^^ ^^^ 

/ // // // / // 

— THE ALPHABETS.— 

COPYRIGHT 1916 ^-^^^T 

RIVERBANK COMPANY. ^ 



CATALOGUE OF 'IHE SHAKESPEARE PLAYS 
IX)LIO 1623 

ACATA LOCtVE ofthe seuer allCo medie sHist ories andTr agedi escon ■talne dinth isVol 
abbbb baabb aabaa aabaa abbaa aabaa aabaa ababa abaaa babbb q««qq «««wVi aabaa baaba 

vmeCO LEDIE STHeT enqpos tFoli oThet woGen tleme nofVe ronaT helier ryffiu esofrt indso 
aabbb abaaa baaab ababb babba baaba baaaa baabb aabaa ababb abbab baaba aabbb aabeia 

rMeae urefo rMeae urern eCome dyofE rrour siJuch adooa boutM othln gLoue sLabo urlos 
baaaa w^^^qp abbaa. aaabb abaaa nanan ababb baaba aabbb aabaa ababa aaaaa babaa aabab 

tllida oiamer Night sDrea meThe Uerch antof Venio eAsyo uLlke itEie Tamin ^ofth eShre 
baabb ababa ababa aabbb labaa abaaa baaaa aabaa baaba abbab baaba aabbb aabaa baaba 

wAlli swell thaXE ndsWe llTwe IfeNi ghtor \riiaty ouwil ITheW inter sTale HISTO RIEST 
aabbb baaaa abbab eibbaa aabaa Eiabab abaaa abbaa aaabb aabaa baaba aabbb aabaa annba 

heLif eandD eatho fKinc JohnT olThe life* death ofRic hardt he sec ondTh eFira tpart 
babba abbba aabbb aabaa baaaa baaab baaba abbab baaaa abaaa aabaa ababb babba aaaab 

of Kin gHenr ythef ourth TheSe condp artof KHenr ythef ourth TheLi feofK ingHe nryth 
abbab abbab abaab aabaa baaab aaaba abbab abbaa baaba aaaaa abaaa abbaa aabaa abaaa 

eFift TheFi rstpa rtofK ingHe nryth eSixt TheSe condp artof KincH enthe SixtT heThi 
baaba baaba aabaa ababa ababa baaab aabba baaaa aabaa aa^icui baaba baaab aabaa aaaba 

rdpar tofKi ngHen rythe SixtT heLif e4Dea thofR ichar dtheT hirdT heLif eofKi ngHen 
baaaa aabaa baaba baaab aabaa baabb aabaa baaaa babba abbab abbaa aabaa abbab aabab 

rythe Eif:ht TRACE DIEST heTra gedyo fCori olanu sFolT itusA ndron icusR oraeon ndJul 
babaa aabbb abaaa aaaba aabbb abaaa aabab abeuia ababb abbba wa w n H baaaa banba aabaa 

lofi'i monof Athen s'JheL ifean ddeat hof Ju liusC oesar TheTr a^ edy ofUac bethT he'Kpa 
aaabb abbab abbba aabaa abbaa ababa babba babaa abbab baabb ababa aaabb aabab abbab 

gedyo fHaral etKin gLoar Othel lothe Uoore ofVen iceAn thony andCl eopat crCym bolin 
baaaa aabab aabaa abaaa baaba ababb babba eibaba abaaa aabetb aabaa aabab o n nnb a a nna 

eKing ofBri taine 
aaaba abbab abbaa 



Deciphered Llessage 
i^ueeneElizabeth is ray true notlier, and I a-n xhe lavfull heiiTpto the throne. 
?inJe tlie Cypher atorie ray bookes contr.ine; it tells greit secrets, every one of 
which (if I'nparted openly) would forfeit -.y life. 



»BSCIIlPTX0li8 

of the tf)Mra0terlsUe« 
of t?» -a* «d "V» itm lAttors 



fh» X«it«ra af f ixs4 by vsy of iUnttto^tttM 

» piMt«t«ra9li»d fipQB the U23 JAili« ia the JH ^.^ 

GeUoottiMi «B« ham bMn flBl«8«d to ^jtm and «w.tldrA 
tfao i Wimlwi of tbo orleliniy to f aoilitata tho giufy 
of ti»ir '^ -.^— - --.- 



Fbr a atte«p3ptl<m of tho nman l«tt«»i^ vtiieh 
oooiT rolativoXy infrc^uffirtljr* «7rf of tfbioh tbore %m 
tOtm tut one iir«s»trt Uo» on « T^i^ tte 9i¥a4mt la 
n^MProd to tho AppondiCt "tiiiero all tho romn X«rti«rs 
used in tl»« UfU jand tlie Tttgge* f»oo3t% iho I>rolo^:uo, tim 
C«t i ia < g i % and tto BSBM of tte Prtfi«&{Mai \etor% ba«» 
bMB awMcAaod* 



UPPER CASS IT.U,IC LE3TRRS 
"k CATALOGUE" 



A Form 



First stroke longer than 
second, with slaj'iting ser- 
iph; cross-bar straight* 



No example 



:^ong letter \7ith straight 
top and long, curved base 
extending below line of \sriting» 



Kern at top of stem slants 
outurai'd; base nearly level; 
kern at base slants dotvnward* 



The line at the top is 
horizontal airid not parallel with 
the base* 



Top slanting and not parallel 
with seriph of base. 



J 



A 




E 





■:r-:o^1 



c 



D T) 




F 



B Fona 



No example 



Kem at top of stem slants 
dovmward; top narrow and loop 
slightly rounding. Base level, 
or turns slightly upward. 



Short letter with short, 
curved top» The letter gradual- 
ly rounds toward base^ ending 
in short curve on the level 
of the line. 



Kem at top of stem slants 
downward; base narrow and 
slanting; kern at base nearly 
straight . 



Top and base lines parallel; 
the kem on the base line 
slender and slanting outward. 



Top heavy and slants parallel 
with the seriph of the base. 



The sr.ort upright line is 
nearly vertic^u. 



G 



No example 



Resembles rpman ype; ser- 
iphs nnd crc.s-bai- level. 



llo exaiTiple 






Slants more tlian the ^ 
form and is somewiat taller. 
Seriphs not level. 



Curved top and curved 
stem with keim at base and 
a cross-bar. 



UPPER CASE ITALIC LETZERS 
"A CATALOGUE" 



A Form 



The queue gradually 
thickens and curves as it 
leaves the stem, ending in 
a sliarp kern turning slightly 
upv/ard. 



The letter is tall and 
heavy, v?ith stem more slant- 
ing thaii the ^ form. The 
base is somewhat narrow near 
the stem, and slants slightly 
upward. 



Curved kern at 
third li:ie light; 
top and bottom ol 
not parallel. 



i^ K 




the right; 
seriphs at 
first stroke 



M 



M 





B Form 



7ne queue is of nearly uni- 
form thickness ending in a blunt 
and nearly level kern. 



Tall and lightj the base line 
thickens gradually toward the 
right, with lower edge level. 






Kern short, straight, and 
blunt at the right. Seriphs 
at top and base of first stroke 
parallel. 



Connecting line short. The 
letter differs from a r«man 
letter by the slant, and by 
rounded kerns on the heavy line. 



No example 



n 



'ij " 



Y 

Level top, ending in a <^- ^ 
rounded kern. Upright reaches ^\^ 
to the top of the letter. 



Y/ide; slanting; flat curves. 



S. 







Mo example- 



Slant sj top and base nearly 
uniformly curved. 



No example. 



No example. 



Top and base not parallel. 



r r 



Top and base are parallel; 
rounded kern at right of top is 
either raised upright on a small 
stem or lies flat. 



f i 



UPPER CASE ITAI,1C UlTIERS 
"A CATALOGUE." 



A Form 

Curved; often described 
as bowl shaped' 



V. 



B Form 



No examtjle 



Slightly slanting; second 
and fourth strokes light; fourth 
stroke slightly curved and 
ending in heavy slanting seriph 
First and third heavy. Second 
stroke joins heavy strokes at 
a point higher than in the ^ 
form. 



\W H 



ir. 



Saall and b owl- shape d.vdth 
straight bar at the left ai;d curved 
at the right. 



^ 



T 



Letter erect; second and 
fourth strokes light; fourth 
stroke straight, ending in straight 
seriph. 



No example 



LOTSER CAS: ITALIC LET3ERS 
"A CATALOGUE" 



A Form 



B Form 



Well- made; the oval usually 
showe ton angle or shoulder and 
rouiids gradually to the line of 
writing, makirg the letter some- 
what wider at the base than the 
corresponding letter in the b_- 
form; also the oval has the appear- 
ance of a complete ^ placed in 
such a way that a part of one 
side rests on tiie upright and 
often projects sufficiently to 
give the stem the appearance of 
bending outwai'd near the center. 



it, 



The ^-form is somewhat narrow- 
er at base than the a-fom; oval 
pointed; upright is often either 
of uniform thickness or slight- 
ly heavier at top. Letter slant- 
ed. 



Oval pointed at top and narrow 

at base. 



S-i-^ 



No example 



Roundness commences near 
center of back; curve at base 
usually narrow. 



c 



Roundness commences near top; 
curve at base usually wide. 



Stem has r.o wave line but 
sometimes turns slightly to 
the left at top; toe upturned; 
loop leaves stem and rejoins it at 
somewhat obtuse c^gle. 



d. 



Wave line in stemj angle 
between stem and top of oval 
acute; point of jointure below, 

somewhat high on stem. 



If the end of the curve of 
the base were prolonged, it would 
pass ir:cade or outside the loop. 



e 



If the end of the curve of 
the be-se were prolonged it would 
form a perfect oval. 



Letter slanted; straight top, 
cr, if curved, shov/ir.£ a small 
nee/, at left. 



/■/ 



The letter stands nearly 
erect; top cuiTved. 



LOVJER CASE ITALIC LETTERS 
"A CATALOGUE" 



A Form 



The lov/er looj; is attached 
a little to the left of the 
center of the oval; the connect- 
ing line is usually thin. 



g 



^ 



(T 



B Fora 



The lower loop is attached 
to the center of the oval; the 
connecting line is usually heavy 
and angular. 



The stem of this letter is 
characteristic; a line dratm 
upward through the loop, so as 
to intersect it at the middle 
of the upper part of the curve, 
tends pronouncedly toward the 
right* 



Has the characteristic a - 
fora stem rounded into a small, 
close kern. 



t 



h 






The stem of this letter is not 
characteristic, uiilese perhaps 
slightly pointed at the base; a 
line drawi upward through the loop, 
so as to intersect it at the 
middle of the upper part of the 
curve, tends only slightly tovrard 
the right. 



The kerns at the ends, vriiether 
curved or straight, shoir a corres- 
pondence with each other. 



Has the cliaracteristic 
stem of the a-form; loop angular. 
It is broad, spreading at the 
base, and heavier thaa the ^-• 
fom< 

Usually shows a slight wave 
line in the stem. The angle 
macie by the kern and the stem is 
large. 






No example. 



The typical letter of this 
class has the characteristic stem 
rounded into a small, close kern. 



m 



The second loop short at top 
and turns slightly to the right; 
width between the downward strokes 
nearly equal at base; top kern 
inclined to sharpness; kern at 
base ueueJly close. 



m m 



Nearly even at top; second 
space between the downward strokes 
wider at base tlian the first; top 
kern rounded, and corresponds to 
the kern at base. 



?la.'.ting; top kern inclined to 
sharpness; kern at base usually 
clear; loop tendp to the right at 
the top ii'i sKmfi mtudier as that of 
the secoj-.d loop in a-form m. 



n n 



Nearly erect; top kera usually 
rounded; the two kems correspond. 
the letter shows a wideness at the 
base corresponding to that of the 
second loop in b-form m. 



LOViER CAa; ITALIC LETTERS 



"A CATALOGUE" 



& 



r. 



A Fp_nn_ 

There are many varieties 
of small jO, hence difficult to 
classify. The slant is charac- 
teristic of the a form letters. 
Best classified by conparison 
vidth the capital letter, which 
is less syinmetrical than the b- 
forni' 

Stem often thick at top; 
loop joins the upricht nearly 
at rig:ht angle. 



The slant is characteristic 
of the ^-fonn; the first kem is 
small and tends to sharpness; 
the second kern rounded- There 
is usually greater breadth in the 
^-fona thar. iii the b^-form. 

The"e ^xe long aiid short 
letters hi both forms. The base 
ir, eit}:er casse is nearly hori- 
zontal. The long ^ of the ^- 
form is more slanting than the ^- 
fcnr. 

Has a " ase like the tK!p.ll _1 
of this clasB, and stem of the 
sarr.e slant* 



Has the clant of the ^-form; ^^■^ 

fir^ kern strai£;ht, second curved, ^ i; 

or vice ver:3a; connecting lirie tw : 

betv,-een xne uprights lower than in '•*■, 

the ^-form. The rounded base is '. '^ 

typical of both upper and lower / 
cat-.e letters. 



a 



r 



Flat top; first point oi 
a-.arp, second blunt- 



case 



tP 



*io example* 
A vrell -iade letter, wide at 



V 

top. ¥ 







u 

X 

y 



B Form 



If a line ?/ere drawn li£-ht2y 
along the inside of the capital 
Oi of the ^-forni, it v/ould show 
almost perfect symmetry. This is 
the case al so h: all the v.-ell- 
printed lower case letters of 
this form. 



Stem of uniform thicknesr, 
throughout, or slightly shaded 
below the line of writing; loop 
becomes narrovrer^ as it slaiits 
to join the upright. Dotted. 

The letter is somewhat narrow 
at the top. The kerns differ 
slightly; both are usually strong 
and distinct. 



The long _s of the ^-form is 
usually upturned at the base and 
the slant of the letter is not 
marked. The short letter has the 
same characteristics. 



Well made; kem at base free 
and clear* 



Letter nearly erect; kerns 
correspond. Connecting line joins 
the second upright at a higher 
point than in the a-form» 

The angular letter is like the 
second half of the tall w. 



Both points of base sharp; 
firet and third strokes long and 
extend well to left* 

Narrow; the left kern at base 
is not thick and rounded as in 
the ^-form, but somewhat sharp. 

Narrow; second stroke curves. 



ITALIC DIGRAPHS TJ 
"A CATALOGUE" 



The union of a small 
bu-i prominent loop of an 
a with a well-f onned _e, 
gives the coabination "ab .' 



4 



No example. 



The union of a well- 
made long _a with the slant 
of the a form letters and 
a t_ following a line paralle 
to the body of this letter 
and having a sliarp foot, gives 
the combination "aa •" 



' ft ft I 



The union of a long _s 
perceptibly thickened in the 
lower half and a X likewise 
shaded, gives t)ie combination 
"bb" 



The union of a long _s having 
the slant of a form letters and 
^ that is somewhat heavy at top 
and is more nearly erect than the 
^ gives the combination 'ab i' 



No example 



/, 



V. / 



The union of a wide topped 
_u with a somewhat narrow s, 
gives the combination "aa. 






us 



No example 



There is also the union 
a short _8 very narrow at top 



of 

and with 



a well- shaded and well> 



rounded % that also gives the 
c omb ination "bb ." 



The union of the tall and 
narrow u with an ^ somewhat 
broad at the top and rounded, 
gives the combination'bb." 



No example 



r«- 



m 



! A somewhat narrow \x joined 

5 with an ^ having the same 
characteristic, gives the combi- 
nation "ba* 



im SftMBS or XHE PRZRGIPAL AdtmS CROIT* 

1^ 9 aoBtaiSn&«g Urn Bamn of the Prinol vtl Aotort 10 jsmtaniit^d 

of ti» fast that it la printed ia typo of a ilse difforant Aran tlKt 
•a -ttw pag»8 |^«M4lag« A* typ« hero is lattgw aad oImmt vut^ aai 
tte imlipwil of tlie letters to their ro^pMtiv» gtemp» &• Itonmfaro aa 



!■ this sroi^ wUlB* tiioM iihioh |iwn»li» M» 4Mi|tan«iA I* 
tto •todtattt is rMBiiwii<gd to niei uat of p* , whioh io arrts^od for 
Mill dMiptonaiBV anl to m^OMig the ■»ogMi.>Mqrtiig iil]<li i i | ^t la porfominc C lo 
wk* aw hidMn wBmv^gB oafolted «111 bo foand auffieiaDtly intorostiitg 
to warmat «Bd |u«llfy tho lalKKr involved la its doelplMnMKt* 

At th» «ad of thio grovp (fp* ) v&ll bo found a full cleoorl^rtiin 

•f tl» i lw r aa torlgtloo of oao^ typ^3l lottor of botli for^^^b and also of thoir 
fOo p t t lTO mrlottto* tettoro viULah oorar but onoo «r» nntumlXy fledttotf froci 
this lltTt* Tto irtndbM^ io roMomiaMloil to rofos" to tlila doaor^rUon ao a 
iwmo of faaUlarlslMe hbuKUt xAHi tho sAptabot md lith the type fonn iXlu9» 
tre^od In the gpovp (pp* )• 



The Workes of William Shakcfpearc, 

containing all his Comedies, Hiftories, and 

Tragedies ;Truelyfet forth; accordingto their firll: 
0\JGJKJLL. 




The Names of the Principali Adors 

in all thefe Playes. 
Illlam ShaJ^ej^eare. \ Samuel Qilhurne, 



■^bard "Bur badge. 



John Hemmings, 
iiAugupne Thilli^s, 
William K^mft, 
ThomasToope. 
^eorgc^ryan, 
Henry CondelL 
IVdliamSlje, 
*B^chardQorply, 
fohnLoMne, 
Samuell Croffe, 
Alexander Q)o^, 



Robert (t/frmirh 
mlliam filer. 
[J^tkan Field, 
fohn Undenvood, 
^7\Qcholas Tboley, 
Jf^illiam Scclefione, 
fofeph Tajhr, 
liobert'Benfield. 
^bert (joughe, 
^Riehard T^binfon. 
John Shancl^. 
lohn ^Bjc^e, 



ii 



PRINCIPALL actors: 

Sir WW, 

___^ / 

aaeifhHiikklmooprrs 

II I i / / 1 / 

AGHal! 



/ / 




IIIINPT 



f eef g hh n mmnn og p rr ss tt 

/ / / / / / / \ / / / * / / / 

I^, a St dd ee F g| Hi ii II T, 

/ /' / / / / / 



fin,68rrTsS^^y iftll 

/ / / / / / / ^ 

WTWIVW 



J^O T ^ 



p^ bb ci M ee gg W it 1^ II mm nn oo pf rr s 



///// ///// 



/ / / / / 



/ / / / / / / // /T / // /// 

S ^ T e 9 _ 10_ u 



UA GG Jl LL N2i^ 00 T^X 



/ / 



THE ALPHABETS. 



COPYRIGHT 1916 
RIVERBANK. COMPANY. 



^^X 



SiAKESPEARE FOLIO 1623 
"TIE NAMES OF THE PRINCIPALL ACTORS" 



TlieWo rkeeo fWill iamSh akesp earec ontai ninga llhis Coraed iesHi stori 
aaaaa baaab abaaa baaab abbab ababb aabaa baaba abaaa ababb aabaa baaab 

esajad Trage diesT ruely setfo rthac cordi ngtot helrf irstO RJGJW ALLTh 
abbba ababa aaaaa aaaba aab£ia baaaa baabb ababa nnban baaab aanaa abbaa 

eName softh ePrin cipal lActo rsina lithe sePla yesWI lliam Shake spear 
aaabb aaabb abaaa baaaa aabaa aaaba baaba abaaa abbab abbaa baaab abaaa 

eRich ardBu rbadg eJohn Hemrai ngsAu gusti nePhi lllps Willi anKem ptTho 
abbaa abbab baaba aabbb aabaa baaaa aaaba abaaa abbba aabbb aabaa baaaa 

maaPo opeGe orgeB ryanH enryC cndel IWill iainSl yeRic hsrdC owlyj oiinLo 
baaab babba abbab baabb ababb baabb baaab baaba baaab aabaa aabaa abaab 

wineS amuel ICros seAle xande rCook eSamu elGil burne Rober tArmi nWill 
aabaa aabab abbab baaaa baaba aabbb aabaa abbab baaba aabbb aabaa baaaa 

iamOs tlerK athan Field JohnU nderw oodl.'i chola sTool eyWil liamE ccles 
baaab baaab abbab abbab abbaa aabaa baaba abbab aaaaa abaaa aaabb aabaa 

tor.eJ oseph Taylo rRobe rtBen field Rober tGoug heRic hardR obins onloh 
abaaa abbaa babaa baaoe. abaaa baaba abaaa abbaa aabba aabab baaaa abbab 

nShan ckelo linRic o ■ 

aabab baabb aabaa 



As I sometime 6 place rules aiid directions in other ciphers 
you must seeke for the others soone to aide in v.Titirig. 

TTf of Ve. 



BBSCRIPTIOMS 

of the chrxaffiexristies 
of the "a" and •^" fcm letters 
in 
•IBB NiUSS OF THE FRDJCIPALL ACTORS* 



The letters affixed by way of illuetration have 
B«€n photogrstphed from the 1623 Folic iji tlui Ke«b«rrv 
CollectioE tu)d have been e».largod Lo Uir«e wd MO-third 
the dl«enslona of the original, to faoilitaie the study 
of tfieir c.U-jracterlstics. 

For a ciescription of the roman lebLersL which 
occur relatirely infrequently, -nd of which there is 
often bt-t one illustrr,tJon en ^ pace, the student is 
referred to the Appendix, v-here all t3jo roraan letters 
used In the I.r. tmd the Digger i^oerna, the Prologue. th« 
Catalogue, and the Names of the Priijxjipall Actors, have 
oeen asasoibled* 



UPPER CASE ITALIC LETIERS IM 
•THE NAMES OF THE PRINCIPALL ACTORS." 



A Form 

The left stroke Is long and 
curved, ending in a dot; the right 
stroke plain and finished vith a 
straight seriph. 



Has a rounded top v&ich 
gives a flatness to the upper loop* 



Large, and extends belov the 
line of ¥riting« 



No exainp},e 




^e thin top and the seriph 
at the base are parallel; the 
cross-bar is very long 

No example 



Has slanting seriph sj higher 
in the middle of the letter* 



Curved, with top and bar also 
curved. 



B Torm 



No example 



Has a nearly horizontal top and 
veil-rounded loops* 



Short, and does not extend belor 
the line of writing. 



Resembles a script letter. 




No example 

Well made, and has a stroke ex- 
■>• tending below the line of writing* 



No example 



f 1 



Well made, with horizontal 
seriph s. 



Plain, resembling the roman 
letter except that it is slanting* 



Well made and someviiiat delicate* 
The queue starts from the right up- 
per stroke, at a point near but not 
touching the upright* 



UPPER CASE ITALIC LETTERS IN 
•THE NAMES OF THE PRIMCIPALL ACTORS." 



A Form 



Well made, with the base and 
••riph parellel. 




No example 



A very regular oval, shaded 
more heavily on the left side* 



Hie top ie curved, and the 
letter reeembles the upper 
pturt of capital |^ of this form. 



Has the characterictic top 
of E^ and P. The queue is short- 
er then the b_ form and not 
sharply upturned. 



Narrower at the top than the 
b fori!:. 



B Foirm 



No example 




top. 



Broad and very flat at the 







A very graceful letter, with a 
long upturned queue* 



No example 



No example 



I )u.;.i;/i,'-^'^lN(^ Has a flat line at the top; the 
' queue is long and tuimed upward. 




Has a wider and more angular top 
than the a form* 



Not so wide as the ja form, 
and a more delicate letter. 



Bov/1 shaped. 




No example 



V/ell maie end sharply 

noil. ted. 



IV 



7; 



No example 



.- * 



^<^. 



SUALL UPPER CASB ITALIC LETTERS 114 
"THE NAUES OF THE PRI14CIPALL ACTORS." 



A Form 

The left side of the 
letter cor/mencea in a amall^ 
curved kern and ends in an 
upturned foot; bar slightly 
slanting* 



The top is long and 
only slightly curved; the 
base narrow; the seriph on the 
short upright extends well 
beyond the line* 



The long form extend- 
ing below the line of writ- 
ing, and having a cross-bar 
and a curved top. 



B Form 




A 



No example 



G 



3 



No example 



No example 



No example 



L 



A delicate letter, wide 
at the base, the seriph and 
base not parallel. 



This is -^he short form 
of the letter. The connecting 
line between. t;i..i uprights 
ends in short, curved kerns* 




No example 



No example 







The letter is a perfect 
oval, and has the slant char- 
acteristic of the b fora* 



Ihe top commences iii a. 
rounded kern and is nearly 
horizontal. The stem extends 
to the top of the letter; the 
queue ends in a short foot, 
some distance below the line 
of writing. 




No exa-iple 



L0\7ER CASE ITALIC LETTERS IK 
"THE KAIjES of the PRIIJCIPALL ACTORS." 



A Form 



Slantlr.g, somewhat wide 
at the base • 



a ' a 



B Form 



Shows a distinct shoulder at the 
top, and the oval makes an acute 
angle where it joins the stem. 



Has the slant of the a 
fonn letters; the oval is rounded 
at the top* 



Stands more nearly erect than the 
a foirm; the oval has a somewhat 
pointed top. 



Well-rounded; if the lower 

line were produced to aeet *-he 
top it would form a perfeci. ^. 



Well-made. The loT?er part 
of the stem and the oval make a 
somewhat sharp angle, the foO'. 
close. The stem is usually 
etraicht until it reaches the 
line of writing. 




J 



Stands more nearly erect than in 
the a form and is narrow at the 
bottom. 



Has a wide loop and the angle 
between the loop and the stem is greater 
than in the ji form. The stem turns 
slightly to the right at the base, 
and the foot is free* 



If the end of the curve of 
the base line were produced it 
would not form a perfect ^. 



e e 



If the end of the curve of the base 
line were produced it would form a 
perfect ^. 



Has a well^-sade _o at the 
top 8.>id a large kern. The lower 
part is attached at the i-aiddle 
poiiit of this oval. 



Some\^^iat slender; the loop 
is narrow at the top and poijited' 





Shorter and wider than the fi form, 
and less regular. 



Less delicate; the loop ie somewhat 
wide at the too. 



The kerns at top a;id base 
corresoond. 



I 



The kerns at top and base do not 
correspond. 



)lR^'i»HaflilradHfiKlllHRlDint2»^ 



UmR CASE ITALIC I2TIERS IN 
"THE NAMES OF THE PRINCIPALL ACTORS." 



A Fora 



Slender and delicate; the 
queue not widely spread at base* 



Shows a thickness in the aiea 
extending to the kern at the base* 



Usually a delicate letter; the 
right loop is not quite so high as 
the other* 




B Form 



m: m 



Shaded from the top and in the queue. 
It is a somewhat heavy letter* 



The stem becomes quite narrow before 
rounding into the kern at the base* 



Has level loops; the kei% at the 
base close* 



^'-:«r«s^' 







Somewhat wide; the kern at the 
base free* .;?w*'*';'-^| 



m ' n 



Well-made; the kern at the base 
close* 



Usually well*^ade, shaded 
slightly more on the left than on 
the right* 



The loop is ncu-row in the 
bottom part* 



a ° 



.iC-. Hf^ 



Less regular, the top and base 
usually differing. 



The stem is narrow at the top and 
widens slightly toward the base; the 
loop is broad at the top. 



Somewhat broad at the top; 
both kerns are rounded. 



There are long and short 
forms of this letter. The long 
fonn is not well made; the stem 
ia a wave line. The short form is 
curved at the top and nearly 
straight at the bottom. 



r' % 




^ Not wide, and the kerns do not 
corresoond* 

/ii- 



The long form has a wide head and 
distinct foot. The letter is slanted* 

No exajnple of the short form« 



^p 



LOV£R CASE ITALIC LETTERS Hi 
"THE iNA:,!ES OF TliE PRIi.'CIPALL ACTORS." 



A Form 



B Form 



The stein is a wave line, 
the foot free. 



t t. 



The stem is sliaded from the 
top. The letter stands nearly 
erect. 



Has corresponding kerns. 
The base of the letter is wide. 



M U 



Has the first point narrow, 
the second wide at the base* 



^ 



The loop is rounded. The 
letter is somewloat narrow at the 
base. 



No example 



No example. 




Has ar. ooer. toa. 



J J 



A narrow letter with heavy- 
Kerns at the base. 



Has the second stroke curved 

toi.vara the first. 



mnig-iBCTCWM 



WISB 



ITALIC DIGRAPHS IN 
"THE NAiiES CF THE PRINCIPALL ACTORS." 



The union of a narrov a, 
pointed at base, with an _8 
having a round head and nearly 
horiiontal base, gives the 
combination "aa". 



M 



as 



No example* 



as 



No exanqple* 




The union of a rounded 
a not sharp at base, with an 
£ having a round head and 
7lat base, gives the combination 
«ba". 



No example. 



fl 




f^ttt-'/. 



A well-formed ^ slanting 
very little, the greater- part" 
of its lengthy joined with a 
delicate i with pointed base, 
gives the combination "ba"« 



The union of a delicate, 
well- formed long _8 with a 
•omewhat heavier £ with a 
rounded loop givee the 
cocbination "ab". 




fi 



No example* 



No example. 




The union of two long ^s's 
slanting very little the greater 
part of their length and ending 
in distinct marks gives the 
combination "bb". 



The union of a delicate long 
£ having the slant of the a form 
letter and a Blender pointed t 
slantlrig in the same direction, 
gives the conbication "aa". 




The union of a somewhat 
heavy s having a distinct foot, 
with a ^ rounded and wide at 
base, gives the combination "bb"« 



The union of a long s like 
tr.e one just deacrited, end a 
well-rounded t gives tne 

c n' ""'">■■ ^ <" " " i^, b" c 



No example. 



"THE NAIffiS OF THE PRlHCIPAIi ACTORS" 

Arranged for Application of the 
Bi-literal Cipher 



TbeWD rkeso fT>lll iamSh akesp earec ontai ninga llhie Corned iesHi stori 
esand Trage diesT ruely setfo rthac cordi ngtot heirf irstO RJGJH ALLTh 
eName softh ePrin cipal lActo reina lithe sePla yesWI lliam Shake spear 
eRich ardBu rbadg eJohn Hemmi ngsAu gusti nePhi llipe VAlli aniKem ptTho 
masPo opeGe orgeB ryanH enryC ondel 11H.11 iamSl yeRic hardC owlyj ohnLo 
wineS amuel ICros seAle xande rCook eSamu elGil burne Rober tArmi nWill 
iamOs tlerl! athan Field JohnU nderw oodlli ohola bTooI eyWil liamE ccleo 
tone J oeeph Taylo rRobe rtBen field Rober tGoug heRic hardR obins onloh 
nShan ckelo hnRic e 



It i« hopad tiiat tho gesaea^iioa 02 t^ia 131-JLiteraL Gipbor ia ttw 
yroMidim iMit>^ ihwfhiig tia «ail>Un<» la ite pafoa af tlia 1623 FoUo Editl«i» 
and af 1^ neaoiMr of lie daoiptenNBt will not ba aoafoaad altfa tha dla» 
avoditod " di a aaif a ri* fc^ Tgwtitwi Itaaaally* I^iatius SmmuHlj profaaaad ta 
follav tiio dlraaiiotoa laid do«i t!y B«a«i la implying a <ilpiMr» but ho fallad 
ta oarvy aut tba vary yrla^i^a Iw c^ti^orod — and h a nao M.a faUuro* '£ho 
auraogfelt ftf tte BJUOitaral OJiibor lisa in tha faei tberfe it ia BaMn*a awu 
tha '^aM'wry'' «' ^I*» ajpllawtliiB aawataia waly in tha tfctU and paAiama 
vhidi aarrylag out iiia diraati(»a aaaaaaltvtaa* 



m'ARE IGNATIUS D0NNH1,LEY FELL DOWN ON THK CIPHEH, 
He failed to note the difforenco in the bi-fonn 
character of type, and niieoed tho application. 

510 T//E CIPIIEK JX THE J' LA VS. 

Then take your interior epistle, reduced to the biliteral shape, and adapt to it 
letter by letter your exterior epistle in the biform character; and then write it out. 
Let the exterior epistle be: 

Do NOT <iO TILL I COMK. 
Exiintplt- i>f adaptation. 

FLY 
aa bab ab abab a bba 
D(» not go till I come. 

I add another larjje e.\ami)lc of the .same cipher — of the writintj of anything by 
anything. 

The interior epistle, for which I have selected the Spartan dispatch, formerly 
rent in the Scylale : 

.ill is lost. JMinilanis is kil/cul. 'J'lic solJicis vaiil fooil. We cat! innther get 
Jieitte nor stay longer here. 

The exterior epistle, taken from Cicero's first letter and containing the Spartan 
dispatch within it: 

Jn all iliitv or rather piety touuirds yon I satisfy cver^'hoily except myself. Myself 
f ne''er satis fv. Ear so great are the services 7ohieh you hai'e rendered me^ that, seeing 
von did not rest in your endeavors on my behalf till the thing 7oas done, I feel as if my 
li fe had lost ALL its sweettiess, beeanse I cannot do as much in this cause of yours. 
The occasions are these : Ammonius the iing's ambassador openly iesieges ns vith 
iiionev, the business IS carried on through the same creditors who 7vere employed in it 
:, 'Inn yon toere here, etc. 

I have here capitalized the words <r// and is, supposing them to 
be part of the sentence, "All is lost," but I am not sure that I am 
right in doing so. The sentence ends as above and leaves us in 
the dark. Bacon continues: 

This doctrine of ciphers carries along with it another doctrine which is its rela- 
tive. This is the doctrine of deciphering, or of detecting ciphers, though one be 
quite ignorant of the alphabet used or the private understanding between the 
parties : a thing requiring both labor and ingenuity, and dedicated, as the other 
likewise is, to the secrets of princes. By skillful precaution indeed it maybe made 
useless; though, as things are, it is of very great use. For if good and safe 
ciphers were introduced, there are very many of them which altogether elude and 
exclude the decipherer, and yet are sufficiently convenient and ready to read 
and write. But such is the rawness and unskillfulness of secretaries and clerks in 
the courts of kings, that the greatest rriatters are commonly trusted to weak and 
futile ciphers. 

I said to myself: What is there unreasonable in the thought 

that this man, who dwelt with such interest upon the subject of 

ciphers, who had invented ciphers, even ciphers within ciphers — 

that this subtle and most laborious intellect might have injected a 

cipher narrative, an " interior epistle," into the Shakespeare Plays, 

in which he would assert his authorship of the same, and reclaim 

for all time those "children of his brain" who had been placed, for 

good and sufficient reasons, under the fosterage of aiidther? 



Photogr^h from Tho Ureat Cryptogram by Ignatiue Uonnolly, 
eopyright^i In 1887, published by R. 3. Pealo & Cor^iany, 1088. 



CODE FOR THE BACON IAN BILITERAL CIPHER 

AN ALPHABET IN TWO LETTERS. 

1 D D D D D A a 

en D D n ■ B a 

3 D n D ■ D c a 

4 D n D ■ ■ D a a a 

5 D D ■ n n E -a 

6 D n ■ D ■ F a 

7 D D ■ ■ D C a 

8 D D ■ ■ ■ H a 

a D ■ n D D i-j a 

10 D ■ D D ■ K a 

11 D ■ D ■ D L a 

IS D ■ n ■ ■ M a 

13 n ■ ■ D n N a 

H D ■ ■ n ■ o a 

15 D ■ ■ ■ n P a 

16 n ■ ■ ■ ■ a a 

17 ■ D n n D R b 

16 ■ n D n ■ s b 

IS ■ D D ■ n T b 

zo ■ D n ■ ■ — u-v — b 

SI ■ D ■ D D W b 

22 ■ D ■ D ■ X b 

S3 ■ D ■ ■ D Y b 

^4 ■ D ■ ■ ■ Z b 



a 


a 


a 


a 


a 


a 


a 


b 


a 


a 


b 


a 


a 


a 


b 


3 


a 


3 


a 


a 


a 


3 


a 


b 


a 


b 


b 


a 


a 


3 


3 


3 


b 


a 


a 


a 


3 


a 


a 


b 


b 


a 


b 


a 


b 


a 


b 


b 


b 


b 


a 


a 


b 


3 


a 


b 


b 


3 


b 


a 


3 


3 


3 


b 


a 


a 


a 


a 


a 


a 


a 


3 


a 


a 


3 


a 


a 


a 


3 


b 


a 


3 


a 


a 


a 


3 


a 


3 


a 


3 


3 


a 


a 


3 


3 


b 



CKIGEiAL .MD PHDTOCRAPHIC FACSIUIIS SDmOiiS 
froa whicii 
"Sm Bl-lit«i^ Cipher has b«en Deciphered 
3y ELIZABETH SELLS GALLOP aaslsted by ;<A3 E. SELLS 
Arranged Chronologically under 'laaes in which Books wre PubliAed 



ECMOND SPE?;SER ; 

Shepherd' a Calendju- 1579 

"(The first work in which the 
Bi-llteral Cipher vaa used- 
Publialied anonymously but 
later in £dzsund Speneer'e name) 

Ceoplaints 1591 

Colin Clout 1595 

7alry ()ueen 1596 

Pairy Queen (Second Part) 1596 

Shepherd's Calendar 1611 

rtalry (Jueen 1613 



ROBSRT GHSSIC ; 

the lilirror of Modesty 

Planetomachia 

Suphue B " llorando 

Periaedes—JHmdosto 

The Spanish Uasquerado 

The Spanish Uaaquerado ^cond £d}- 
A Quip For an I'pstart Courtier- • • • 

'JTT.T.T^j SHAKE SfEAHE ; 

/Rlohard The Second 

/ l.tld8unmer Ni^-ht's Dreaia, 

(Roberts Sd.) 



Uldsunmer Night's Qraam 



(Fisher Ed.)- 
Uuch Ado About Nothing.- •■ 

Sir John Oldcastle 

\ The Merchant of Venice 

' (Roberts Ed.)' ••• 

1 Richard, Duke of York 

JThe London Prodigal 

t^uartosi King Lear 

King Heni7 the Fifth 

Pericles 

Hamlet 

Titus Andronieus 

Richard the Second 

Uerry Wives of "Windsor.... 

Contention of the Houses 
of York and Lancaster... 

Pericle s 

y Torkshlxe Tragedy 

omec and Juliet, no date* 



V^MH 



Zhs Fir art Folio. 



1584 
1585 
1587 
1568 
1589 
1589 
1620 



1598 

1600 

1600 
1600 
1600 

1600 

1600. 

1605 

1608 

1608 

1609 

1611 

1611 

1615 

1619 

1619 
1619 
1619 



1623 



(SOHgS tCLS ; 

Die Arraignment of Paris 1584 

Darid and Bethsabe 1599 

Sir Clyoaon and Sir Cloaydes 1599 

TDPTHI BRIGHT ; 

A Treatise of Uelancholy 1586 

A Treatisa of Balaneholy (Sooond Sd.)* 1586 

BEK JOHSOtj ; 

Playa la Folio 1616 

CaRigrOPHER UARLOg ; 

XdMurd Tbs Second 1632 

fRAMCIS BACOM ; 

A Daelaratloa of the Treaaona of 

laaax 1601 

AdT-uieaaent of Learning 1605 

HoTUB Orgaaia 1620 

Tlie Paraaeere 1620 

Henry The SoTsnth 1623 

Hlstoria Tsntorua 1622 

Hlatoria Vltae at Uortla 1623 

Oaluyaantia Soientiarua (London Id.).. 1623 

Oe Aupaantla Selentiarua (Parla Ed-)-- 1624 

Tbe Zaaaya 1625 

The Apophthegaea 1629 

The Uiacallny lorka 1629 

Cipher Uaaso^ by V. Bsaley 

The New Atlantla 1635 

SylTa Sylrar^D (Preface Vy ■• Bsdey). 1635 

Tbe Falloity of Queen Slliabeth 1651 

Cipher Ueaaage by W. HeAey 

aeauaeitatlo 1657 

Cipher Ueaaage by !• Ravley 
List of the Lord Chancellor a— 

Resuacitatlo 1671 

Cipher Ueaaage by 3. Dugdale 



.^ICESHT BaRTCK ; 

Aaateoy of Melancholy. 



1628 



CIPHtiH IRITIHGS 



Thirteen PXays as folloys ; 



Hve Hlartorieai 



Die Life of Ellxabeth 

The Life of the Earl of Essex 

The White Hose of Briiala 

The Life and Death of Edward Third 

"Die Life of Henry the Seventh 



Tivree Comedlee; 



Uary Queen of Soote 

Robert Tbo Earl of Eaasoc (my late brother) 
Robert the Earl of Leicester (my lat4 father) 
The Life and Death of Christopher Uarloiw 
Anne Bullen 

Seven Wise Iten of the Wast 
ooloasa the Second 
The Itouse Trap 

History, in proae connixt with verse, ef England and a fev Eagllafaaen. 

Story in verse of the Spanish Anuda. 

Bacon's ow story of his life in which llarguerite Talole figxiree. 

A number of short poems in French, written for Marguerite, form a part 
of the story of Bacon's life in franco. 

Life of Robert Greene 

Two Secret Epiatlea, eocpresaly teaching a cipher. 
Completion of the Mew Atlantis 
A PastoFfa of the Christ 
Bacchantes, a fantasy 

Tivrec Kotable Trrmslationa : 

The Iliad (Honer) 

The Odyssey (Honer) 

The ASneid (Virgil) 

The Eclocues Md a few 8.-or-t poeas (Virgil) 



Deciphered from 
THE PLAY OF SEJ.VI.US, Edition of 1616, 
by the 3i-Literal Cipher 
by 
Mrs. Elizabeth Wells Gallup. 



Qtiestion, or some other form or manner of inquiry, and answer are your word- 
■Igns by which you may worko out my secret etory herein co'cealed. This story coi^ 
cerne aome of the chief personages of th' realrae, first of all, our late doepiaed 
parent, th' cause and th' renewer o' th' ills that we endured. My sols object doth 
appear in this later work—the play of Sejanus. 

None know half so well as I, th' underplay carried along in couri in order t' 
secure my wlthdrawall from an unexampled field, wherein a mother strove against a 
Sonne whose right to th' succession to th* throne she did ignore and co' stontly 
avoid. Her unbending eterne temper, strong in death, set the seal upon my futur* 
as on my past life, since her will was th' law governing both. Uy owne spirit 
alone doth attests how potent for good or for ill the dicta of such a woman may 
bee. 

Here alone is that long epistle to my to-bee decipherer that must be most ob- 
served in this worke. Seeke it out. Take my keies and unlocks my inner chamber. 
There vri.ll my hidden secrets be revealed fully, that he that shal willinglie lift 
the heavy vaile, should now ope th' treasure- casket which contains th' story of 
my life, as well as my late brother, his death. It is ev* n with wrought-ores thick- 
ly covered: gems rare and costive shine upon its sides: in the small room within 
you will find uncounted treasure, riches beyond your dreames of earthlie acquisi- 
tion. The v/hole shall be the reward of my decypherer and will repay most generous- 
lie his entire devotion to this labour. 

As I have said, our newe designs shall give much pleasure, wiiile it so an^Jlie 
rewardeth the true worker. Seeking after any learning is a pleasure; seeking after 
what is hidden, a delight, —none soe pure— forever springing up in fresh joy, ae 
th' water of a meadowe spring gusheth forth to th' light, 

Uy next work is not begun here; much of it shall bee found in the playes of 
Shakespeare which have not yet come out. We having put forth a nurabe' of plays 
i' his theatre, oh-ill continue soe doing since we doe raeike him th' thrall to our 
will. Our name never accompanieth anie play, but it frequently appeareth plainly 
in Cypher for v.ltty irdnds to translat' from Latin and Greeke, As this is never 
seen, t'ne secret still remained inside its treasure-house unsought of every one. 
This is yet hidden as in dim shadowy raists, but soone shall you have the whole of 
th' most worthy parte of this cypher-writing, wrought much more finely than gold. 

FRANCIS BACON 



ffiLECnOKS FRC-: IHE 2liU.SLATI0N OF HOIEH'S lU.AD. 

In Book I., where the priest Chryaes "was evilly disaissed by 
Aganoanon, " the bi-literal gives the scene tiius: 

"And the Priest, in silence, walked along the s.'iore of ihe resound- 
ing sea. After a while with many a prayer and tear the old -^an cried aloud 
unto Apollo, and his voice was heard." 

In the fuller, word-cipher translation this reads: 

"The wretched nan, at his imperious speech. 
Was all abashed, and there he sudden st-iy'd, 
Ihile in his eyes stood tears of bitterness. 
The resounding of the sea upon the siiore 
Beats with an echo to the unseen grief 
niat swells with siler.ce in the tortur'd soul. 
Apart upon his iuiees that aged sire 
Pray'd auch unto Latona's lordly son: 

"Hear, hear, hear, god of the silver bowJ 
iho'rt wont Chrysa and Cilia to protect. 
And reicnest in this Island Tenedos, 
If ever I did hono'jr thee ari(->.t. 
Thy f-raceful tesple aidin,- to adorn. 
Or if, -oreover, I at a;.y tine 

Have bum'd to thee fat thighs of i^ulls and goats. 
Do one thing for -le tiiat I shall entreat— 
Phoebus, with thy shafts avenge tiiese tears." 

A little farther on, after Achilles had su^noned a councU and charged 
Calchas to declwe the cause of the pestUence, there is a hot altercation 
between Aga-ncnmon and Achilles that even ;.estor could not quell. A part of it 
is rendered thus: 

To whoa Atrides did this -uiswer fraae: 
"Full true thou speak* st and like thyself, yet, though 
Thou speakest truth, ncthinks thou soeak'st not well. 
It IS because no one should sway but he 
He's angry with t;ie gods that any s n 
Cooth before his; he would be above the clouds 
Kis fortune's master and the king of nen. 
And here is none, net.inks, disposed to yield: 
For though the fods do chance hi^ to appoint 
To be a warriour a.nd comand a oa.!ip. 
Inserting courage in :.is noble heart. 
Do they give right to utter inpjlts here!" 

Tnere interrupting hin, noble .ichilles 
Answer" i the king in few words: "Ay forsooth! 
I should be thought a coward, Aga-ne.-nnon, 
A nan of no esti'sation in the world. 
If what you will I hunlly yield unto. 
And wiien you 3-y, 'Do this,' it is ?erfcr='d. 
I, for -y part— let otijers as they list— 
I will j-,ot thus be fac'd and overpeer'i. 
Do not think so, you sii'dl not find i". so: 
Some other seek t:.at r.ay wit; patience strive 
With thee, Atrides; thou dialt rvle ..o "wrc 
O'er ne. " 



^ 



13 



Q 
O 

ci .2 

fc-i « 

H I 



&^ 






^ a 



c ^ 



C 



© c3 

c3 •- 



60 O 






a) 



o 



Oh g 
3 



^ t3 



P- o 
5^ -^ 



>^ OT 



a> ^o' ^ 



s a 



a> ^ o , 
o Ph 






bo.'ri, 
c p 



^ S -al 



o 



H ■" 



o g 



'5 
S 



— o o ^ 



o © 
— o 



tn 



C 'I' 

0. S 

> o 

_o ^ 

o ~ 

J3 C 









c . 



o ^ 

1 ^ 

II 
■e 0) 

^ o 
aT — 






O " 



K 



P 60 0< 

c += o 



m 



o o I— I 0) 



03 
m P^ 

=" d 



■s •?; o 



=^ ^ 2 



■r; 12 aj 



o 



2 © 



ii § P 



o 



OS 






OS ^ 

■^ '" o 

•^ ^ .2 

a ci a 

2 '« -2 

a > 

r^ 'fa. ■*-=■ 

a o' a 

■J3 ^ K 



1=1 f^ 



M 



03 03 
» a> 

O !* 



-M -J:; 



CO 

3 03 <u 



0) +3 



E^5 a 



"i O H 

.2 ^ 



P^ 



o 

13 

'a . 



§ cs I 

C^ tH O 
■rH rf3 CO 

^ 60 !- 

2.2^ 
^ § . 



c« 

- 2 

CO O 

=4-1 O 

«l 
O '' 

.. 3 o 

3 r3 O 



(X) CO 
CO 

■^ 
ce ^ 

t-a -*^ 

m 






-u o o 

^ a ^ 

rs ■•§ 'S . 

© g _g ' 

"Ph'm 'g ■ 

O m & 
a; <xi &, 
P^ P-i c« 



S fe 



ni 

O) 

o -d 
t3 02 



o 



C3 o 

s a 

03 c 



03 . 

o3 0) 

c o 

.2 g 



"3 

§ i 



•a 
2 .S 

d p. 



2 >> 



p. 



■* 9 - 



:o 










f-« 


Oi 


• 








C-. 


to 


Q 








<-« 


^ 


• 


• 


• 




• 


X 


Qu 


Q 


Q 




O 










• 


C) 




«. 


• 


• 


>- 




o 


c 


j: 


^c 


£-• 


« 


£-" 


o 


3. 


Qu, 


n 


• 










■--3 


8 


O 


eS 


» 


§ 


CO 




n 


u 


u 


> 


§ 


B 


o 


u 


r^ 


M 


y 


e 


1- 




,j 


:3 


1 


•H 


3 


B 


J 


o 


a. 


Q 


w 


S 


a: 


• 


• 


• 


>- 


t 


n 


• 


« 


• 








X 


Ei. 


?; 




t^ 


ii 










H 


u 










>. 


o 










js 


u 












v< 










(D 


X 










JC 


i^ 










(D 


d 










•H 


u 










r-l 


•J 










A 


o 










a. 



>«im. ' .- 



H 

Pi 

-si 



a 
IB 

o 

CO 



» 
EH 



O 



CO s 



C 
u 
o 

I 

2 "^ 

£ .2 



rt ;s >i i3 






Ph a 



TS C3 



6 -^ 

=1 p 






O ' 

to -^ 
OS ts 



-5 rS 



4-1 © 

o > 



3 CO 

3 .2 m 

o 1^ 1:3 

'"-2 9 

m m CO 



S ci3 

3 © 

O n 

8 ^ 



OJ D 



"p.S 



© 

© -s 

-S P,CO 

r- C3 

.S -o 



Ph CO 
M CO 

© © 

^ 3 

03 -;: 



H « o 



.2 a 



CO 

© 
60 « 

a 

C^ CO 

o o 

© 'C 
^ © 



© 
© 

; © 

S CO 

o a 

"2 3 

>-> 
c« '*H 

r!3 O 

O 60 



>> © 

a ^ 

© 60 

^ d 
a © 

•" an 

> d 
S " 

d d 

cs 

•- d 



c3 

P-, 



cf> .3 

60 _2 
c« tJ 
^ © 
-t^ I — I 

c« £, 

j- © 
60 



© 



© 



'a 
o 
•C § 

Ph +3 
CO ., 



a ^ 



© 
© 

u 

CO 



^ rd OT 



3 O 

. © '^ "a 

«H © S, S 

^ ^ to CO 

-ii ^ 03 © 



2 ° 

Oh fe 

bo o 

d 'Ti 



d 

03 

-d 

60 



. — ^ -*J CO 

03 
o 



CO cO 

© CO 



• - d 
'd oS 
© 

tH ^ 

a g 



t3 
O 

d 



P d 



C3 



, © •^ 
d 



C^ CO 



1-1 '-' 



* J-3 — ■+-' 

£ M r^ -d 
© 



6 .2 

CO 3 

c« :7i 
^2 
2 H 



Ph -^ 



.S »?3 



CD bo oj 

t^ c3 OJ O 

<? 03 S 3 

^ -13 =^ CO 



© 



^ © 
>> © 

t- ^ ^ -u 
O C5 60-S „c 

2 2-^2^- 
© t>^ 5 ,d * .- 



> o 
o ^ 



cC 



I>i 



© 

t- -d 
2 02 



a J 

P o 



o 



cS 



o 

r ^^ © 

r^ -1^ -d 



>! o 

d 
o 



2 3 CO d d 



S .2 M 



© 



4-3 






d © -*-3 



_ o 

O 03 

g ° 

S So- 



d .2 f^ 



o 2 

C« ^ 



6 2 

3 

tH 

03 CO 

(> 
O 

© 

. -d 



"*H CS 
C^ tH 

'S © 

'cO rd 
© CO 

© 

OT rd 
CO ^ 

© :° 

3 "^ 
en o 



^w 



© . 

Ph 
03 



-tl! u-l 



C5 



60 
© 



13 © -s 



© -^ d ^^ ^^ 



^ o3 

55 £ © 



m :d CD CO 



.s o 

^ a 

d © 



fe © 
-1 o 



© ,a 



:3 H +3 H ^ 



P >> 

r, © 



3 g 

O 00 



a 
o 

w 

Q 






be to 

P i 

t/; 



S 2 o 



to c 



bo =M a> 

S ° c 

S ^ ^ 

-2 ^ ^ 

) "^ 2 to 



CJ ?2 p^ 









a =5 



S 2 ^ 



'2 ^ 



<- - 



to . 



w 



^ -^ 



■s -^^ -^ ^. 



rt o 



.— I cc o 



cis +3 Ti 



a 

o 






- '^ 



w — -^ 



c ^ 






r^ ^- CJ 






O) tC OJ ;_, 






>-, o 















q 0^ w a-r 



5^'^'^ ^ 5^5 ^ 



i; -- to .1) 



c — 
o 



O r! 5 



C ^ rt 

« CO 

O 

^ § 3 

o >— I a 

!^ - ? 

, o ^ 



-= ,P ci 



c o o J! > 






rt 



^— w 



-^ ^ ts 

iD M Ci 

o "^ S 



r;^ o 

o 

+^ ^ 

P3 ° 



fl tn^ 
o .5 "■ 



CO a 



-= a •- '^ 



o o 

■S ^ 



o 
o 

^2 






o =1 rt 



-^ O 



to 2 

" =" s 

^ I— I r^ 

K £ 



0) w 






^ K a fi 

CO n ri T* 



1=1 c= a 
.& o .-^ 

60 TJ ^ 









d 2 rt 



O 



■^ Ti 



o 2 






£ •= S £ S. i . 

^ K -- „ s>s 

S .« o >i 2 to cs 
« ^ >, -^ - C '=' 

t, » -S B 2 ■" "" 
CO © e^ 
^1 o 



_;g<5-2 



03 



o 2 1^ a> 



a "^ .2 '^ c a *" 
2 » o .?= 3 a 

;r5 Ct. 5* ■'^ . a> 



rt 



•^ ^ ^ O >* S «» 

»- e> rf si r!? 

O JS 2 -" T3 S IB 

^ S -2 ^ o » g 

■ o J g „ § a 



.2 o a 

" § 5 ,"•->. -s 

-M .s :3 <o W 'TIS _, 
rt +j» Q. t- aj oj 'a 

ft C p3 t- C3 O 

" OJ (D <D (U » O 

a 5 g-s 8 a 



CL, 
CO 

< 

W 

OS 

O 

Eh 

^; 
o 
I— I 
en 
o 

P 
o 






5§ 






u a 






a> 



o 



O O 

o 






S ? .2 



c 5 2 
>i ^ 10 



J3 , 



s a 



=^ h-t — ' 

<u tj 3 



— ' fcID 

■a .S 

— 't/3 

.a ^ 

3 c4 
C u-i 






3 OS 



u 




11 




a 


J3 


a 


3 

«3 




17? 









.n 


a 


+j 





a 


■^ 





a 


>. 






a 

c3 




p. 



s a 



O) 



a 



■s S 






P3 



;= 0) .2 » S S 

3 

P. 



o . 
to 



g o< o 
•a c« S 
3 ^ 



C C S 

eS <4 qj 



'■S c a 



60 

g ^ 

o g 

a > 

.s ^ 

1 & 

.2 •« 

a ja 



a <D 

o ja 



c« 3 



^ p. 



c8 
O 



^ o 






^ -f^ S 



O 03 

§ I 



0^ § 



c 

a 

o U 



m a) 



Ii S 



^ 



o -3 



2 c 



s a i) 






^ g O j^ 

— ' 5 ^ .0 



2 == -a o 
5 & £ « 
■02^0 

.a: c 

•^ o -^ ?, 



~ S =J 



tJ 
§ 



rs c« 






a 



•a 

a 



P o 
a 

3 



tH 




OJ 




P< 


•^ 




H 


>-, 






^ 


a 


s 


ca 




'd 


^ 


^ 





S> <D O 

.2 .S "JS 

S a ^ 

c« n e 

lU s 

m "^ 

13 -^ '^ 



1 ^J "^ 



.2 '3 

m 5 



S fl 



to „- 

a 03 
3 ^ 

O -3 
^ S 

■tj o 

03 O 

r:S - 
03 



p 03 

■^ o 



^ .1 ^ -! ;= 



=5 « ^ 



o 

c 



r3 



03 

a 

o 
o 



3 tn 

'^ I? -2 



03 -e 
50 



a. 2 

fa CO 

>) 03 

3 « 

3 ^ 

• iJ^ 3 

1^^ 



CO 



;s j= 



M +=■ s 

C« 03 ^ 

u ^ ^ 

s §^ 

03 t^ E«| 

3 -" js; 

03 •- 

03 3 i" 

t- o c 

03 'i: .5 

— ? O 



o 



r; 03 fj 

M-i3 2 



w 






S3 m 



'C -r. 



bO^ 

d 03 



1^ S 



>> Ji, E 3 

8 § a 



S =» 2 

^ 03 te 

•^ TO i-H 

a «"a 

+3 "^ 'rf 
CS 

° ™ bo 
ram 

d 3 

S -2 2 

d ^ 

3 fe C 

§ g c« 

'-' ^ 60 

03 .- CS 

"S <n M 
*^ 

s-i « j3 

OS" 

« z; " 

3 3 i^ 

,53 ^ ^ 

iC w -w 

a. c f 

S «) <— 

•TS .a — 



THE CHALLSNffi; OF HECTOR 
A Portion of the Translation of Homer* s ILIAD 
Deciphered by Elizabeth Wells Gallup 
by means of Sir Francis Bacon's VORD CIPHER 
The rules for which were obtained 
Through his 
BI-LITERAL CIPHER 
and embracing the passages from the play of 
TROILUS AND CRESSIDA 
referred to by Professor F.E. Pierce in "An Introduction to Shakespeare" (1915) as 
having been "cribbed" from some translation of Homer, probably that of Chapman* 



"Itoarken to me! my words come from my breast, 
I speak ndiat's in my heart — - Trojans and Oreeks ~ 
For these known evils are indeed nought else. 
To the expecters of our Trojan part. 
Whose vow is made, and to each Lord of &*eeoe, 
But the protract ive trials of King Jove, 
Who in this dull and long-continued ti>uce 
Would find persistive constancy in men. 
Till Troy be taken or yourselves be vanquished. 



If there be one anongrt the fair'st of Greece, 

That holde his honor higher than his ease. 

That seeks his praise more than he fears his peril. 

That iDiowB his valor and knows not his fear. 

To him this challenge— Jove bear witness to't. 

If any come, and by my mortal sword 

His blood be drained. Hector shall honor him. 

His armor— I'll unlock the rivets all, 

And fruah it, but I will be master of it. 

And bear't to Ilium, to Apollo's temple. 

Yet shall his corse be sent unto the Greeks 

(They who are wont in large- spread hair t> exceed) 

That they erect on Hellespont a barrow, 

In view o' th« sea for men to gaze upon, 

A tomb wherein his corpse shall be interr'd. 

And that hereafter ages may behold 

Where lies the champion Hector's hand did slay. 

Ify honor and the greatness of my name 

Shall be eternal, for this shall be told. 

If to my sword lais fate be not the glory. 
If he slay me, mine armor riveted 
He to the hollow vessels shall but bring. 
And triumph in the spoils of Priam's son. 
But that I shall not lose the dues of greatness 
Of burning In my death— give back my body, 
That Trojans and the dames of Troy may bring 
Hector with triumph home unto his house. 



A B F 



i i fi I h 



disanxFxzoRS 

•I «» •»• ia-id *•&- CcfBHi 



IMTIAL LETTERS. 



3ig. 



The ornacer.tal skeleton initial 5 of the "L. Digges" poeo:. Initial 
T cf "A Catalogue" and Initial V; of "The Names of the Principall Actore" 
are all of tr.e a-fonr.. The initial double V of the "I. Lf." poec is a 
single character of the Uform, end the solid initial 1^ of "The Prologue" 
ia e_-fonr.. 

In e6.ch of these cases tne significunce of the letter v/as deter- 
mined by the context. 




■ti 



ROJIAI! TYPE LM TITLES 

The romar. type used iii the titles, and in the poems themselves for the names of persons 
and places, is in five sizes. The largest was used in "A CATALOGUE*** 



UPPER CASE 



A. _ pern 

Has a heavier line 
at the left than the 
b^-form, and the width 
at the bar is greater. 
— Cat^ 



No example 



No example 



The letter is 
much broader at the 
top than the ^ which 
is b-form. — Cat. 



Ho example 




B Form 

Is well-made. The right 
seriph at the base is 
curved. — Cst> 



Is a clean-cut, well- 
made letter, in height 
corresponding to the 
other b-forra letters. 



The upper and lower 
lines not parallel j. both 
kerns slant outward. 
-Cat. 



No example 



. The seriph and base 
are not parallel. The 
kern corresponds to the 
upper kem of E of the 
b_-f orm. Cat . 



ROMAN TYPE IN TITLES 
UPPER CASE 



A Form 



Has the breadth of 
the G in the "a" form 
and is shaded at the 
left in the same manner. 
In Cat. 



No example 



No example 




B Form 



No example 



The stem of the letter 
is the same as the I^ of 
this form, and the terns 
have the same character. 
In CSat. 



Has the characteristics 
, •.'.of the A of this form, and 
., has curved kerns at top. 
•-■-',; In Cat. 



\, 



'0 



Royju; TYPE i;: titles 

The second oize has both upper and lower-case letters and is used in the firrt lln» 



f the "Diggee" poem, "The Prologue", mid "The Kames of the Prlnclpall Actors' 



A Forrc 

Has a wave line 
r.-t top and base.-- 
Dig. 





B_ For m 

Has straight lines 
at both top and base* 
The letter is well-fomeA, 
Dig. 



Has curved ser- 
iphs at bsce; at the 
top the seriphe are 
slanted, making the 
letter higher near 
the middle.— Dig. 



The. letter has 
the height and thick- 
ness of the stem of 
the E of this form.— 
Dig." 




H 



Ho example. 



No example. 



'.Vf'f^V 






The seriphs at 
the top resemble 
those of the H of 
this form. The sec- 
0!:;d upright is slen- 
der; the third line 
of u:.iform thickness 
throughout.— Dig. 



Is well-nade; 
slightly pointed at 
the base.— Big. 




M 




The sfflriphs at top 
and base at the right are 
horizontal and pareillel. 
The second upright is 
somevrimt heavy; the third 
line is shaded at the tcp 
— Dig. 



No example. 



ROIiAN TYPE IN TlTIiS 



Somewhat heavy- 
The top resembles 
that of the R of 
this form*-^ Pro* 



Wave line shows 
in top. Lover part 
vide, and queue thick 
at the end«-> Dig« 



Is well-formed, 
somewiiat delicate. 
Curves at top and base; 
base nearly equal •7^i^4. 




No example- 



No exanqple- 



No example- 



Kerns at the top 
do not correspond- 
The letter marked ^ 
has an accent across 
the right kern.— Dig- 1 
Pro- 



The first stroke 
is not wide; the sec- 
ond ie short- The 
seriphe at the top of 
the second ^ are 
slanted in such a way 
that the greatest 
height is near the 
middle P.A- 




No example. The: let- 
ter marked ^ is so marked 
because, although the 
kerns do not correspond, 
it has an accent across 
the right keni.— Dig. 



The tvro heavy strokes 
correspond; the second 
stroke turns to the left. 
The seriphs at the top 
all slant dovnward toTh> 
ard the right-— P.A. 



'O'si 



ROIIAN TYPE DJ TITLES 
Second Size — Lower Case 



A Form 

Is well-made, and wide 
at top- The lower part of 
the loop turns upward, mak- 
ing an acute angle with the 
stem at the base*— P- A. 




a^ 



A broader and bettei"- 
made letter than the b_ 
form*— Pro- ft p. A. 



e 



77^ 




A Form 

A narrow letter not 60 
well-made* The. lower part 
of the loop runs parallel 
to the upper part, and 
makes a larger angle with 
the stem than the a form* — 
P. A. ~ 



Narrow- The. top turns 
downward, giving the letter 
the appearance of falling 
to^-ard the right.— Pro* 4 
P.A. 



Slender and deli- 
cate* The top has a 
wide cuirve and resem- 
bles the long _B.— P-A- 




No example- 



The kern at the top 
is nearly in line with 
the upper part of the 
ovnl- The lower part 
is joined tc the upper by 
ar. angular line at the ex- 
treme left- — Pro- 



Sonewhat heavy buo 
very clear — ?• A - & Pro • 




N example - 




Delicate. The ser- 
iphs at base differ in form 
and direction-— P.A- 



wide at top, but be- 
comeB more slender toward - 
the base. The dot is 
snail and placed well tow- 
ard the right'— p. A. 



Has the characteristics 
of the h in this form— heavy 
yet clear. The stem lessens 
in thickness toward the base- 
—P. A. 



The single letter is 
somevvliat heavy at the top. 
grovilng smaller at the 
base-— Pro- & P.A. 



Viae, uu\ very clean-cut 
and v/ej-l-nade-- P.A. 



ROIJAi: TfPE L*} TITLES 
Second Size— Lower Case 



1 i 





m 



m 



olender and delicate- 
The dot is large and placed 
toward the left P.A. 



A delicate letter, ap- 
pearing taller than the a- 
form. The stem is of uni^ 
fonn thickness throughout- 
—P.A. 



Ho example- 



No exanr)le. 



Shows a point at xhe 
xcp a li^tle to\.-u-d the left 
cide — P.A - &. Pro. 



o o 



Somev/hat flat at top 
and base — P-A. 4 Pro- 



A Fom 



Ho example- 



ROLIAIJ 1YFE m TITLES 
Second Size— Low'er-Caee 




B F6rn 

A well-rounded loop ab 
tached to a slender stem- — 
P.A. 



Narrow, with the 
right kern tending abi^pt^- 
ly downward. The £ of Pro- 
logue is accented. «~-P. A. 



There are long and 
short foms. The long _8_ 
is like the Jf of this fom 
without the extension of 
the bar at the right. The 
short _B has the curve at the 
base broader than that at 
the top-— P.A. 



Son;ewliat heavy, but very 
well-TAde. Its kerne do not 
correspond in sise.— Pro* 






r 



Top of stem angijlar at 
left; kern at right round- 
ing and drooping, f*^* 



No example. 



No example. 



-A '* 



rdlia:.' type k titles 

Third Size — Upper Case. 



A Fom 

A broad letter, the bar 
not heavy. —P. A . & Dig- - 



A well-made letter, large 
and well-rounded?— 1\A. .& Cat 



A broad well-made letter 
with horizontal seriphs-— * 
P.A.& Cat. 



Has a very heavy second 
stroke and a more slender up- 
right- —Dig. 



Well<^mide and cleaiwcut. 
-PA. 



ilo example 



Clesm-cut. The kerns do 
not correspond in shape or 
direction. — P-A . A Cat. 




Third Size -- Lower Case 



WelI-.-najde. Tne lower 
line of the loop tends up- 
ward and r£ike3 a aiarp angle 
with tha 8-t.ei:.. —Dig.. P^^. & C at 



^ a 



Large ajiJ clean-cut, with 



good curves 



rn( 



C C 



B Form 

Mo example. 



No example 



No example 



No example 



No example 



cut. 



Somewhat narrow; not clean- 
— P.A. 



No example 



SoaeVnat narrower and 
flaxter at the base of the 
loop. T!ie stem extends below 
the loop at the right- __ PA. 

The top reaches well over the 
curve at the base. The letter is 
not 80 wide as the a-foinn._ PA. 



ROIoAl^ TYre Hi TI'iLK 
Third Size — Lower Case 



A Form 



The stem runs straight 
to the line of writing and 
terriinates in a distinct, 
nearly horizontal foot. The 
loop joins the stejn at a low 
point at the base. — DifS: Cat.<P£- 





The bar nearly level; 
the base curves wide. In the 
Comedies the forms were ex- 
chsuiged, the single letter 
used as a ^-form having a lev- 
el bar and widely-curved base.— 
Dig ., p. A . & Cat. 

Well-aade and clean- 
cut. The bar extends well to the 
right. _ p. A,, Cat. & Dig. 



IIo example 



Clean-cut. The seriphs 
horizontal; the right seriph 
somewhat aiorter than the left.— 
Dig., p. A. 4 Cat. 



Mot remarkable in any 
way ar.d appearing to be classed 
with sir.ilar letters of the a- 
form, 
r etc 





f 



h 




such as 1, the stem of the 
— P. A. ft Cat. 



Tall and slender; the stem 
sometimes tapers slif^htly toward 
-.he base but is often of ijnifor.n 
thicL'.es:; throughout. — P.A . 4 Cat. 



1 
1 



m 



Clean-cut, B/mmetrical 
with wide curves. — P.A. 4 Cat. 



m 111 



— B For m 

The stem turns slightly 

to the right at the base, and 

terminates in a short, close 

foot. The loop rounds into 

the stem and makes an acute 

angle with the stem. — t, . 

Dig. 4 Cat. t ZA- 

The bar tends slightly 
downward; the curve at iihe 
base somewhat narrow. — 

Dig. 4 P.A. 



No example 



The top is evenly shaded 
on the sides; the lower loop 
attached well toward the left 
side. — P.A. 



A somewhat heavier letter 
than that of the ^-fonn; the 
second seriph tends downward 
making the letter appear long 
on the right side.— P^A. 4 Cot. 

Well-made; somewhat sle:id- 
er and delicate, slightly taE - 
er than the a-form letter.— 
Dig.. P.A. 4 Get- 



Somewhat heavier than the 
ai-form; the stem narrows slight 
ly h^f way between the top and 
the base. — P-A. 4^- - 

The left curve leaves the 
stem at a high point giving 
the firrrt curve a flat appear- 
ance- The last seriph tends 

slightly downward at the right.- 

P.A. 



?^ 



ROLl^I-: TYPE I;.' TIllES 
Third Size ~ Lower Case. 



A Fora 



Y/el],-mad9, but soaewhat 
heavy. Tiie sten is like the 
letter i of this form— P«A« 



The letter is slightly 
pointed at the l^ft side at the 
top. — Dig.. P. A. ft Cat. 



n' 11 

o d 



Somewhat wide and flat 
appearing at the top> the steni 
is like the i.of this form. 
Dig.jP.A. ft C at . 



In the sini^le letters there 
are both long and aiort forms-- 
the long resembling the _f of 
the sane class without the projec- 
tion at the right which forms the 
bar of thai letter ./> The short 
form has narrower curves at the . '-d 

—P. A. ft Cat. 'ifc^ 




top than the b_-form.- 



7ne most striking character- 
istic is the curve of the base.— 

Dig. 



iio tLxample 



Broad, with cross-bar 
pl^iced high. — Cat- 



I.'o exa-nple 



r 



s 
t 



^^L 



U 



Fourth Size— Upper Case. 
A 



I 



.. jl 



c 



B Form 



Slightly taller thaii the 

^-form. Tne stem has the 

characteristics of the ^- 

form i_. Ihe second seriph 

tends downward at the rieht*— 
p. A . ft Cat. 

A very synsnetrical letter, 
larire and well-rounded. — P.A. 



Slender and well-made; the 
top turns downward at the 
right. — Cfft. 



The long form occurs only 
in the digraph "st" . The wide 
curve that would characterize 
the single letter is retained, 
the point whore the ;t commences 
being plainly seen. The short 
form has wide curves, and is a 
well-formed letter. — ^'-^ 



The letter is somewhat heavy; 
the base a curve on one side 
only, finishing in a short 
straight line.— P-A . ft Cei, 



A wide letter; the top 
seriph s slant upward at tSie 
l«ftw_Dig-& Cat. 



No example 



Very light at the right, 
well shaded at the left. -Cat. 



'6 



A Form 



ROHAN Tyra IN TITLES 
Fourth Size>~>Upper Case. 



Broad, slightly irregular.— 
Dig. & Cat . 



Sxe lines at the top and 
base are not parallel; the 
kerns do not correspond^— Ca^> 



Ihe curve at the top is 
someisftat flattened; the upright 
noticeably long* — Cat- 




E 



B Form 



No examole 



The lines at the top and 
base run parallel; the kerns 
are both shaded* _-Cat. 



No example 



Broad; the seriphs at the 
top slant upward in such a way 
that the letter is highest near 
the middle*— Cat. 



No example 



Simple and plain like the 
uprights of the H*— Cat- 



No example 



Tlie letter is not wide at 
the base, but the slaiiting toe 
being long gives it a wide appear- 
ance. —Dig. 




No example 



Large aiid lieavy. There is no 
ker:"i at the top of the second 
upright. — I.!.'. 4 Cat. 



M 



No example 



Slightly pointed at left of 
top.— Cat- 



00 



Top a regijlar curve; a 
point shows at the base. 
In Cat. 



/fl 



A Fonn 



RDliMi TYPE BI TITLES 
Fourth Size—Upper Case. 



_B Form 



The top is soaev^at 
narrow; the qxieue broad where 
it joins the loop»~Cat. 



R R 



Well-formed; somewhat 
broad near the base; both kerns 
vertical.— Dig. 





Slightly broader than the 
^-fonn at the top; the queue 
narrower at the point of attach- 
ment. Both letters are accent- 
ed and respectively change 
forms. —Cat . 



A little smaller than the 
& form; the upper kern slanting. 
— Cat. 



A plain, simple letter, with 
the top and the seriph paral- 
lel, the former usually a thin 
line. — P'A. 4 Cat- 







Usually heavier than the a. 
form. The top shades sonawl'iat 
heavily into the kerns, and is 
not parallel to the seriph at 
the base*— I.E!. 



Clean -cut and well-made 
the left seriph is curved.— 




No example 



No exanole. 




This letter is a union of 
two ^'s, the first losing a 
seriph by the union. The first 
stroke is heavier than the 
third. — Dig. 



ROIiAlJ TYPE L^I TITLES 
Fouirth Size—Upper Case— Small Caps. 



No example 



A 



B Form 
Plain, not well-aade. Dig. 



The top and base are not 
parallel. — Dig. 



E 



Ei 



The top and base lines 
parallel. ~ Dig. 



A well-made letter; seriphs f ~| ' 
.llel.— Dig- *-*• 



parall 



The letter is somewhat 
narrow. The second seriph 
placed far toward the left at 
base.— Dig- 



I 



H 



K 



No example 



No example- 



The top tends downward at 
the rigiit.— Dig- 



No example 



No example 



*1 



Level at top unlike the a- 
f orm P with which it may be"* 
contrasted; the queue sJiort and 
blunt. — Dig. 



No example 



S 



The letter is so slanted 
that it has the appearance of 
an Italic letter. The top is 
narrow. —Dig. 



Fourth Size -~ Lower Case 



Brofid, well-^oade; the loop 
c-arv3 8 upvrard at the base, sialciii-; 
ar. acute a-.rle with the ctew- 
— P-A. & Cat- 



C^ 



No example 



ROiaii TYPE I:j titles 
Fourth Size— Lower Case. 



A Rorm 



The top is a regular 
ci^ve. The latter is taller 
than the corresponding letter 
of the b_-form. — P-A. & Cat- 



Soraeimat slender and 
delicate. The loop is not so 
v;ell rooTided toward the base 
as tlie b_-form letter. — P-A . & 
>jat« 



The letter is wide, slendef, 
the har horizontal *»I.I.I., p. A. S. 
Cat. 



c = c 



d d 



e e 



A well-niado letter, the 
curve at the top somevjhat wide. 

I. LI. &. p. A. 



-f' 



B Fora 



The top and base are some- 
i/i^at shallow o urve s. — p . A . 



The stem is of uniform 
thickness throughout; the foot 
siliort and straight. The loop 
joins the stem at a low point- 
Dig., P.A. & Cat. 



Somei!^at heavier than the 
a-form usually; well-riunded; 
The bar slightly slanting— 
!.:->. p. A. & Cat. 



No example . 



"Die most marked feature 
is pro~.iinence at the left of 
the connecting line between the 
loops. — Dig. & Cat. 



Bie letter is some^^at heavy, 
and is vri.de at the top of the 
loop, —I. M., P^. & Cat. 



The ^er-n is sharp and pro- 
2iL-iont, giving the letter an 
unnatural appearance .— 
I-"'-, Dig.,E^. & Cat. 





1 




. -i. 


•"•«v, 


^ 


S 


..*. 


A 



i •' 



1 1 



The lower loop is connected 
by a cmrved line. — RA. 



The letier is sonievi^iat 
more delicate than the a-fom 
and is wide at the base.— 
P.A. 



V/ell-aade and regular, but 
somewhat heav/»— P.A. & Cat- 



ftnall at the top and widen- 
in?: at the base.— P.A. & Cat. 



Shaded from the t^o: quite 
narrov; at the base— P.A. 



ROUAII TYPE 111 TITLES 
Fo.urth Size— Lower Case 



A Form 



i.; 



The first curve at the top 
leaves the stem at a high poiiit.- 
1.5.:. 4 Cat. 



A soraev;^iiat irregular letter 
the uprights not corre ponding in 
height or in length of seriphs.— . 
— P A. 




m 



Slightly 
line* -> I«Li 



irregular in out- 
,.P.A. ft Cat. 



Wide at the top; well-made. 
■I,1^,,?.A. & Cat. 




The letter has long and short 
forms. The Ions form has a wide 
curve at the top and a slender ste.Ti 
Ihe siiort foxTn has narrow curves, 
ending simply* — > P.A . ft Cat. 




n 



o o 



r r 
J.. _ 

s s 



B Form 



The curves are regular; 
the seriphs at the base slant 
downward in a regular succes- 
sion. — I.M. 



Well-nade; a regular cui*ve 
at the top, and horizontal 
seriphs. — P. A . ft Cat. 



The letter is tall and 

someidiat heavy, but well made« 
—P. A. 



Narrow; not particularly 
well-formed. — P. A. ft Cat. 



No long form of this class 
is used* The short letter 
has shallow curves at top and 
base, and shows distinct 
markings at the ends of the 
letter.— P. A. 



There are several variants 
but all curve upward at base and 
are somewhat najrrov — l.!i., 
P.A. & Cat. 



The letter is usually heavy; 
the curve at base njns into the 
stea at a low point; left seriph 
shorter tlian the right . — 
P.A. & Cat . 

Top broad; stem short iidth no 
curl at foot; stem ends at top in 
slanting seriph. >•- P.A. 



t t 



u 

y 



The letter is very wide and 
flat at the base.— ?./( 



No example 



A Form 
No example 



Plsln ai-.d heavy, kem 
at the top vertical*— ft-o • 



A heavy letter shoiving 
no light lines— Pro. 



ROMAN TYPE 11 PCEMS ■ 
Fifth Size->Upper Case. 




D 



A 



B Form 

Clean-cut, narrow, bar 
slightly slanting. —Pro- 



No example 



No example 



Top and base not 
horizontal* — I.M. 



No example 



Dig. 



Plain; well-made— 




^ 
^ 



I 



E 



H 



H 



No example 



Somewhat tall and also 
wide between the uprights; 
well-mad&. —Dig. A Prg. 



No example. 



A very heavy letter; 
there are no light lines; the 
seriphs unlike— Pro. 



Not at all well-made, 
the fourth line being curved 
outward.— J)ty 'i 




Somewhat narrow at the top; 
not othervrf.8e marked. —Pro. 



N 



No example. 



No example. 



No example. 



Like the P of this form 
somewhat narrow at the top 
Dig. 



-R 



No example. 



'r^ 



ROIiAlJ 7YPS IIJ POEMi 
Fifth Size—Upper Case. 



A FoiT.1 



The curves of nearly 
equal width. —Dig. 



A heavy letter but 
\7ell made; the top and base 
are parallel-— Pro. 



S 






B Form 



The curves are sonewhat 
wide; the top narrower than the 
base; the letter symmetrical. 
—I.!.!. & Dig. 

The top is a thin bar 
with kerns of nearly equal 
length; the top ar^d base are 
not parallel. — Pro. 



Fifth Size— Lower Case 



A For m 

A broad, v/ell-aade 
letter; the stem rounds iiito 
a free foot. —LI'. £ Dig. 



The stem is soraewiiat 
wide at the top and narrov? 
tovvard the base; t}'s loop 
is narrow at the top and 
rounds low at t'le base- 
Pro. 

The loop rounds iiito 
the stem at both point of 
juncture.— Pro. 



:-^^ 



a a 



b 
d 



B Fo m 

The stem bends slightly 
to the left at the base and 
the foot turns shai'ply uovrard. 
I.f.:., Dig. 4 Pro. 1 



No exaaple 



The loop shows a slantinp 
line where it joins the stem.— 
Pro- & Dig. 



Somewhat irregular; 
the lower part is often 
narrov/— I.M., Dig. & Pro- 



e, e 



A well-nade letter with a 
light bar. — ixo. 



No examole 



The loop has a sliallov; 

curve at the top^ sii2h^ly 

wider than the t-for?n.__ 
l.I.:. & Pro. "" 



f 

h 



A well-rounded top and 

heavy cross-bar characterizes 
the letter in the b-forra.— 
Dig. 

The loop leaves the stern 
with a clear crve; the right 
seriph is low at the base.— 
Dig.* 



Somewhat delicate and 
well-made; the ste:a is narrow 
at the too and vddens slightly 
at the ba"se.— ^'^'', Dig* * Sll* 



a 



I 



Heavy; of nearly uniform 
thickness txiroughout; the u; 
kern prordnent. ~ Pro- 



f(. 



ROI/AI'I TYPE i:; PQEMS 
Fifth Size—Lower Case 



k 



■/-'; 



A Fom 



Broad aiid well-made 
although somewhat heavy- 
Dig. 



The stem is somewhat 
heavy and of nearly uniform 
thiclmoas throughout.— Pro • 



The first curve is wider 
than the 8econd«~-Dlg. i Pra« 



Tall and somewhat heavy 
but well-made. — Pro . & Dig. - 



Usually well-rounded and '^^ 

well placed. .— Dig. & Pro- V^' 



k !l/ 




m 




1 1 



n 



o 



B Form 



Somewhat slender and deli- 
cate; oeriphs carefully placed. 
I.M. 



The letter is often wider 
at the top and narrows gradually 
towards the base.— Pig* 



No example 



The letter is often irregular 
having either a narrow top or 
uprights of different lengths.— 
Pro. 

The two sides are not 
symmetrical near the top of the 
letter. — Dig. 



Broad; the loop ie some- 
what flat at the top*— I.M. & Dig. 



P Pi 



The top shows a line at 
the right turning somejfhat 
abruptly downwards. —Dig. & Pre . 



There are the usual long 
and short forms. The first shows 
a wide^op; the curve shallow. 
,^**' ^fe ahort form also has 

ff, wide top; the base is narrow-— 

^0. & i;ig> 



r 



f ■ f 

« 

s s 



A delicate letter with the 
loop well rounded top and bottom. 
The letter occurs in the Dirges' 
poem, line 1. It is changed by 
the dot to the a-form-- Dig. 



The upward stroke at the 
right euid its downward curve 
correspond in slope and direction 
as would the two sides of an 
isosceles triangle. —I,",, Dig, 
& Pro . 

The long _s has a short cur/e 
at the top and somewhat slender 
stem— Dif. 

The short foim has the IL-.o 
at the top long, and appearin;: 
to follow the curve of ihe body 
of the letter. Pro- 



A Form 



The letter has a wide 
top and a wide base that 
becomes nearly horizontal. 
I.i:., Dig- * Pro. 



Well-made; slender and 
somewhat delicate.— Dig. 
4 Pro. 



ROMAN Ty«; D^ TITLES 
Fifth Size—Lower Case 



t* t 



U M 



B Fom 



The base of this form turns 
soon after leaving the stem. . 
Dig. 



The letter is somevrfiat heavy 
and slightly narrower than that 
of the a form* — Pro. 



No example. 



A tall, somewhat awkward 
letter, wider at top than at the 
base. --I'M. 



Digraph s~.Third an d Fourth Sizes 



Ko exar.pl e 



The union of _f having the 
curve of the e^ form prolonged 
into the dot of the ^ and a 
slender ^ with the top a con- 
tinuation of the bar of the J[ 
is the combination ab . This 
is found in the fourth size.— 
P.A. 

The union of a long slender 
^ having a thin top that rounds 
into a well curved jt is the 
combination aa« — p.A. 




The union of a ^ having a 
wide curve at the base with a ^ 
showing almost no head above the 
bar and well curved at the base 
is the combination ba — P.A. 



fi 



No example. 




No example. 



Bie union of a long, slender 
^ having a thin top that joins a 
long, narrow based t is the 
combination ^. _ "Big. 



^;!^:^^^> 





The union of a strong 
well-made js with a somewhat wide 
based t is the combination ba« -^ 
P.A. ~ "" 



Th« folleviug list contains axamples of the various alias of typ* to vhioh 
arbiirai7 c&so nuoAiers hare b en assigned for eonTenianeo. 



Souroa 



Latter 



Lins 



1. 


Italic 


saudl 


L. Diggaa Poaai 


«» 






t. 


N 


eapitala 


H N « 


Iha 






9. 


M 


small 


"Principall Actors.** 


R4,ehard 




ai. 


4. 


N 


o^itals 


« M 


^ chard 




3 L 


5. 


Roaan 


small 


L. Diggaa Poaa 


Stratford 






6. 


m 


capital* 


m a H 


£t rat ford 






7. 


Roaan 


SMll 


"Prindpall Actors." 


T£K*<^ie« 1^*tle 


3 


8. 




capitals 


m m 


Xragediea 


•• 


3 (scuae as Case 11$ 


9. 




•IKll 


* * 


C^^dias 


m 




10. 




coital 8 


m m 


j2,0Badies 


m 




u. 




small 


L. Diggea Paa* 


SIJl^SPEARX 


n 




IS. 




eapitala 


N UN 


^AK£ SPEARS 


M 


3 (Sant as Cas* 8) 


1>. 




small 


T»rinclpall Actora" 


SJ^espaar* 


N 




u. 




capitals 


• • 


^akaspaara 


M 





Letter 

C 

I Pro. 

F Dig. 

Pre. 

V Dig. 

P 

R Pro. 

8 Dig. 

T 

f 



a for« 



LiXM 

» 

e 

20 

7 

1 

4 

8 

8 
18 

a 
8 



TTPICAL LBTTTERS IN "I. M." POEM. 
Italic (Case S) 

Word 



S^eotation 

£reeh 

£reaoa 

J^ozdmant 

£.laudiie 

&egall 

£«ord 

Xyrlng 



JslIsse 



rtt< 


ir 


Line 


lord J 


A 






iF 


C 


Cat, 




j2,0Bedy 


1 






«n 


r 






Hfoa 


9 






2.raTea 


H 






£»rtaliti« 


P 


Pro. 




tut 


R 






£(i»eiitranea 


8 






£peoiater« 


T 


Pro, 


15 


pieir 


1 




i 


lorlde( dotted to 
nake "A") 



ItaUe (Case 1) 



Letter 



•^ 



in* 


lord 


S 


^plausa 


4 
8 


but 

Re- entrance 


6 


••COD^ 


1 


vondrjijA 


4 


iorth 


2 


St 62,0 


S 


irit^ 


8 


pilnted 


6 


i^ua 


2 


Fre^ 


5 


ejster 


3 


Hgrth 


3 


printed 


2 


Orauea 
^ecetafd 


6 


a 


lorl4A 


1 


Ihat 


3 


bu;t 


1 


jpndred 


4 


thi 



^•r Line 


lord 




SpeetAtera 
but 
iSii^ 
printed^ 




01 

Tyrin£ 

tfiy 
Mortalitie 


m Dig. 3 


lor^S 
niat 

»& 

lj2.rlda 

Sj^eotatora 
forth 

That 'a 


y Dig. 8 


thy 
thoji 
jgLth 
thx (2nd^ 







tfPlCa, LETTERS IN ' 


*i,u;vau. 




Page a 






Italic (Case 3) 










.A.t9.}3ft 






.,.J> 'om. 




Letter 


Kne 


Word 


Letter 


Line 


lerd 




Title 


Shakeepear* 
Shakespeare 
Shakespeare 


a P. A. 

e 

h P. A. 


1 R 

Title 
6 R 


S^uel 
Shake spjg,are 
Kic^olae 


/ 




Shakespeare 
Shake ifj|eare 
Ohakespeajns 
Shak^eare 

Xtalie (Case 4} 


k 

f 

r P. A. 

/ P. A. 


8 R 


Riehcgcd 
J^eph 

• 


Letter 


Line 


Word 


Letter 


Line 


lor* 


t 
W F. A. 


Title 
S L 


Shakespeare 
£.lliaB 


8 P. A. 

T Title 


1 L 
1 


|[^espear« 



Letter 

• 
f 

h 
i 

■ 

r 
i 



Letter 



Line 

l^itle 

» 

m 
m 
m 
m 
m 
m 



fom 



Line 



1 Title 

T Cat. Sub. tit. 



Large ReoanCCase 7) 



Word Le1 

Kenori^ 
•1 

Remorse 
jiemorie 
T^ 
nenox^e 

&arge Romaa (Case 8) 



ter 


Lin* 


l^rd 


• 
t 
h P. A. 


Title 


tl^ 


Tit. 6 


t^es* 


i P. A. 


" 3 


Tragsd^e* 


a 


Title 


mflj^rie 


Cat. 


Tit. 3 


V^lua© 


r P. A. 


* 8 


Tjregtdie* 


t P. A. 


- 8 


e»l 



Word 

I 

HI^ORISS 



Letter 

f 



Lia* 

Titl* 



Word 



Z)» 



"1. M." POBa. 



M». 



Rtferenoe nunbe a to letters takan from other pUcog. 



Lotior. 

f 
f 
I 
ff 

I 

i 

M 
iM 

9 

i 

r 
1 

k 
r 

m 
h 

k 

f 
i« 

ot 

k 
t 
» 



Caoo. 
T 



Fora 



kk 



Proa 



Lin* 



Word. 



Oat. 


Tit. 8 


ye,iuM 


Oct. 


Sub-Titlo 


HIS^N^RIXS 


P. A. 


•tit, 8 


Tragodiot 


P. M 


S L 


S^llian 


P. A. 


1 R 


S^uel 


P. A. 


8 R 


Je/sph 


Dig. 


• 


Shak^9«irta 


Dig. 


14 


*^ ' 


Pro 


1 


Oeono 


Pro. 


IS 


2h»ir 


Dig. 


8 


tk£(2»l) 


Cat. 


5 


j^pmody 


Dig. 


2 


i*ii^ 


Dig. 


4 


Stratford 


Dig. 


4 


^nimenfc 


Dig. 


8 


if 


Pro, 


7 


£ut 


P. A. 


Tit. 8 


aeoord^K 


P. A. 


u. 


.^lakespoar* 


P. A, 


2L 


Richa£d 


Pro. 


80 


S^ectatloa 


Dig. 


31 


£^oap«ar« 


Dig. 




SHflJ^aopoar* 


Dig. 




SheJceapei^oo 


Pro. 




2r*«o« 


Dig. 




Biot 


P. A. 


m 


Mio^olaa 


Dig. 




Shakospo^rot 


&ig! 


16 


luliat 


Dig. 




Thif 


Pro. 


20 


Expectation 


Dig. 


16 


Iul4,et 


Pro. 




aegall 


Dig. 
Dig. 




si^one 


P. A. 


Tit6 


tj^eso 


P. A. 




•^ 


Wig 




8hakd8j2.earo 
(dotted) 



ft,f<?,r"„ 

Iiet;t9r Lias 



Dig. 1 
Dig. 



/ 



Dig, 



TYPICA LISTTERB IK "1. M.» POBM 
SaBill Romaa(Case 5) 



Pag* 3 



Word 

Shake op e^re 
Shake spear* 
Shako spear* 
Itti^oi 
SHaJ^aspeara 
Shake ^ear* 
Shake sjijaajr** 
Shajtf^eart 
Sxii**" 



Loiter 



Dig 
Dig. 



Dig. 
/Dig. 

n Dig 

X 



Litt* 

1 

16 

f 

1 

1 
1 
1 
• 

4 
T 



lord 

Sh^Jceapeare 

luliot 

Shakespear** 

Shi^oapear* 
SHake0£ear* 
Shakomoar* 
Shakf^Mure* 

Strarford 
SZLi 



SoaXI Reman (Case 6) 





a fora 








^ 




b fora 




Lot tar 


Line 




W«r4 








Letter 


Line 


Word 


1 

S Dig. 


7 
21 




Ixit 

^hake spear* 








1 
1 


I 


j^hakespear* 


- 




Initial Large rioaan 


(Case 


10) 1- 


-•b forB« 


',, 








- 


Itilic 


(Case 1) 






' 










Oigraphe 












Digraph 


Line 




lord 








IJigraph 


Lin* 


Word 


Jk 


5 




^er« 








i* Dig. 

1/ 




i* 


4 


6 




%S^e 








A 




WOBt^i 


1^ 

9% Pro 

tl 


4 
20 




Speej^atort 
Ej9eot<\tion 








A ^K 




■^ 


i^ Dig 


8 
S 




Thi£ 
Thi* 








tj^Dig. 

yt Dig. 

» / 


14 


yton* 


?* 


t 




thii 















DorrraD letters 

Xivttere which ars ohaqged to the opfoait* fora btoause of tho pretsnoe 
of one or tbrsa dots ar« iadiesied ii. the photographs of the alphabets by a Xargs 
dot above the letter. "X. U," POSH 



line 


Tf^rd 
•eea» 


latter 


font 


chaJiff.J'l to 




a 




the(l8t) 






a 




Worlds 






a 




thought 






a 




the* 






a 




printed 






b 




thou 






a 




forth 






a 




filter 






a 




applaust 






a 




and 






a 




Uus 






b 




part 






b 




• (l«t) 






b 




a (and) 


m 




b 



Titia 



ff 



TYPICAL LSTTSIRS IN L. 
It.ilic (Caje 1) 



i)ir,aK3 rmu 



a form 



Lettsr 


Line 


lord 




1 


at 




a 


Sr 




9 


oqOi 




6 


t^A^ 




n 


Firj 




6 


4ad* 




X 


itncth 




1 


Itn^ii 




IC 


roM^uA 




2 


Wcrjto»(lot) 




6 


Marbin 




IC 


rarjeqas 




11 


jOpr 




•w 


icirici 




X 


;2;Louti 




6 


Mq£blo 


^ 


la 


lAaka 




1 


piOHA 




1 


l^y 




s 


aliji« 




5 


Xi.«w 




3 


Ti« 


XFM. 


15 


aJj(-'^*t«d 




1 




Digraph 


Lina 


wig 


Xi.Pro. 


27 


|i.rotllng« 


X^^Pro. 


23 


COJjXifi*"** 


E 


20 


rir«' 


i£ 


8 


u 


IT 


S 


Tbi, 


f 


9 
3 


n 




10 
i 


tuil^l 


^ 


7 
8 


aU 

bWi 

1 H 


/L 


« 


f/Sall 


— 1 


t 


- 1 



Letter 



Pre. 



b fom 
Lizie 
« 

« 
6 
1 
11 
9 

a 
§ 
s 
s 

« 

U 
7 
9 
1 

1 

i 

10 



£>lgra}>iis Italio(Caee 1} 

Digraph 



A. 



Linn 
12 

18 

6 

4 

t 

i 

14 



ahjall 
toaih* 

jil83ijlU6* 

X"ll<»>©a 

XKUtSt 

iF<(xai^«iit 
lapi«^« 

Pos»t<u;;itle 
f«iiowaa 

Jlioyce 

axf)t'«8t 

thjL(2XMl) 



Word 



^all 
It 

?ra/A 



d^luti 



Letter 



Letter 



a 

• 
f 

h 
1 
k 

1 
m 
n 



/ 
t 



Pr» 



Z. U. 



Pro. 



TYPICAL LETTERS IN L. DIOOKS POM 
ITALIC (Cases) 
a torn b 'om 

Line Word Letter Line 



Page t. 



f 

31 


15" 


T 


freeh 


10 


?ere 


u 


I 


n 


LasreU 


4 


JtonlBeat 


U 


£or 


u 


Sf 


f 


goateritle 


18 


Stford 


9 


Teree 


f 


t 


?orfe9« (let) 




Roaan ( 


a fom 




Liss 


Wsr4 


1 


SRakeepo^ 


xc 


s&rthuB 


& 


Shaxttspearee 


1 


Shakeuroare 


la 


Ittliet 
SltoTeepoara 


i 


13 


!{eUa« 


18 


Renana 


18 


fionuM 


10 


Rob{ 


9 


.'?hakeeQeareo 


9 


;3haket?nsares 
SHak^eare 


1 


13 


TloaaiM 


4 


Strafford 


16 


Ijiliet 



Pro 
Pro 



I. H. 
Pro, 
Pro. 
Pro, 



(Case S) 



Lstter 



f 

b 
1 

k 
1 

a 



P 

r 



X. M. 
I. M. 



Pro. 



/ 

a 
t 
tt 



Pro. 
Pro 



U 

aa 
t 

9 

7 

31 

S 

T 

ao 

u 

It 

a 



b font 

Line 

U 

• 

1 

4 

9 

7 

1 
U 

9 

IS 

1 

% 

• 
1« 

4 
IT 



lord 



Lne 
>rtalitio 




toltoMe 
irkoe (?ad) 



lord 



flfratford 
SHake^eiSre 
Strtitf ord 
ShaheTpearaa 

Shj^eepearo 

Italians 

R2aKuui 

Shakeqgearo (dotted 

9Hakepeo<£a 

Ohak^earoe 

Chetiyi~ 

Sj^atford 

Aataa»mii]f» 



Vargc Tioaan (Caae 14) initial S — a fom 





a f oni 


Lattert 


Lin* 




Tit 2 




" 3 




- 8 




" 2 




- 3 




" a 


i Cttt 


•' 3 




• 2 




• 2 


/ 


" 8 


t 


•• 2 



4 



Tit 3 
" 8 



TYPICAL LETTERS IN L. DIOGES POEM 
Romem (Case 0) 



Word 

deQeaeed 
dec^easad 
deceaead 
deceased 



tte 



L«rttdrs 



0«t 
P. A. 



Corr.edies 
of "■ 
Author 
deee^ed 

the 

Itej/ler 

P.ooan (Case 10) 

lialBter 



a 



d 
e 
f 
h P. A. 

i 

P. A. 

r Oat. 

/ 

t Oat, 

tt 



M 



b ton 
Line 

Tit. 

m 
m 
• 

N 

n 

m 
m 
m 



2 
2 
3 

3 

S 
8 

2 
8 

8 

3 



Page 8. 



Ward 

Tra^adiea 

eontaining 
Teeeasad 

the 



t^ 

Conedies 

Historiea 



Autiior 



Letter 



a form 



g aignatura 
i " 



signature 

8 lit 3 

V 



Ronan (Case 7) 



b fom 



Word 

Di^gOB 

DIjSgea 



Letter 



Line 



Reman (Case 8) 



ftLggaa 

SHAKCSPSAftI 



g P. A. Tit 3 
1 Cat. « 8 



J) 

L 

S Cat. Sub. Tit, 

W •* 8 



Word 

Tre^adiet 
th^a 



BtlSOftSSI 

w 



Latter 

H 
I 
I 
R 



a fom 
Line 



li 
U 

u 
11 



Recrui (Caaa 6) 



Word 



Jjulict 

laao 

JByoioana 

^hakespeara 



b fern 
Latter Line 

B 1 

S 

H 
R 
S 4 



Word 
8|^cap«ara 



Stratford 



Lefctsr 

S 

H 
K 
f 

K 



a foru 
Lin* 

Tit 3 

• 3 

• 8 

• 3 



TYPICMi LSTTKU3 IS! L. DIOO:^ POSM 
RoEiau (Caoc 11) 



Pag« 4 



Word 



Letter 

A 

B 
H 
K 
R 



b fo 


Lino 


Tit 
9 


3 
8 


n 


8 
1 



SlUlyp'SARK 



SIlAlC^Ul-r/.]^ 
5HAIGi^P1?ARl 



a font 



Lett«r 



Lin* 



Koman (Cusa X4) 



Word 



£ 


Tit 1 


K>aKtr<ij^ 


H 


- 1 


iijp 


1 


* 1 


ISM0J1JP 


M 


" 1 


UKUpRXE 





" \ 


Ti 


R 


" X 


m\Ki^ 


T 


" 1 


10 





b 


fcra 




»tt©i" 


Liao 




Word 


K 
H 


Tit 1 




TIB 


Z 






M*W 


M 


• X 




£^RZS 









•»""" 


R 






•••a. 


t 


" X 




2PB 



L, DlOaSS POEV 



R*feronc» nuabere to Xotters tiken frora oth«r plaoM 



1 
3 
8 

4 
3 

7 



9 

10 

U 

12 

U 

14 

IS 

16 

17 

IB 

19 

ao 

31 
83 
28 
34 

25 
36 
27 
88 



L«t 



or 



Gaa« 
9 



H 

H 
H 



F 

▼ 

fi 

fi 

r 

% 



Fora 
b 
b 
b 
a 
b 
b 
b 
b 
a-- 
a 
b 
b 
m- 
b 
b 
b 
b 
b 
b 
b 
b 
b 
b 



ab 

h 
1i 



Frm 
Cob Tit 

P. A. • 

P. A. • 

Cact 

P. A. - 

Cat 

P. U» 

Cat • 

Prt 

I. I'.. 

I. M. 

1. K. 

Prt 

Pro 

Pre 

Pra 

Pro 

Pro 

I. M. 

Pro 

Pro 

Pro 

Pro 

Pro 

Pro 

Pro 
Cat 
Cat 



Sub tit 



8 
8 
S 
8 
8 



8 
8 

U 

X 

7 

I 

U 

» 

16 

17 

1 

8 

7 

81 

S 

7 

M 
15 
37 
88 
8 
8 



Urtf 

Ti^edieo 

^oatrining 
tJHo 

Cgpedieo 

HISVbHI!8^ 

•iY«|£edl90 

Sj^iakoapearo 
Qht^ospruiTO 

Mojjolr.us 
Chfltae 
Antononid\i|i 
£roR "* 

^^rtnlitie 

Lut 

3ijg»gal»d 
j[4rstlt*.c>;s 
oonfjj^dQnca 
Hi»to£lofl 



TYPICAL LSTTKRS IN 'Th9 PP0l0gu».' 
8m11 ZtiOle. (Caatt 1) 



a 


rera 






b form 




Letter 


LlM 


Word 


Letter 


Line 


Word 




12 


Bark* 




6 


Resell 




24 


tfSfl 




xa 


^raue 




a 


Princo* 




23 


oonfldenoe 




f 

as 


rauiiST'd 
llk£ 




10 
14 


•• 




a 

a 


•X 

Onllloaa 




6 

38 


frofE 

Be^nning 

•ith 




4 


tlM 




4 




20 


tTokl^i* 




4 




14 


areekas 




8 


r«nea<^e 




24 


Peho^dero 




23 


ProJ^ogu* 




4 


jdLni stars 




8 


froft 


A-'' 


10 


w^on 




13 


a»w 




8 


Vhj^M 




8 


Gl^2,«sei• 




ao 


cleauures 
ihers 

Cro«nM£ 




U 


who/? 


y 


12 
14 


^ 


8 
8 




• 




aa 


•eta 




3 


Trautage 




24 


Auj^ore 




13 




34 


b^ 




14 

4 


Tnbndsed 
Jlth 




34 
12 


vpyee 

aeep-dng^ag 




19 


•Sjg»gai9d 




B 


Sijjiy 




24 


To^ce 




11 


il!"at. 










83 


Hi^lfurrt 






Qlgraphe. 


(Case 1) 






Digraph 


Line 


Vord 


Digraph 


Line 


Word 


M 


X 


M 


ji 


18 


Oorre^onsiua 




24 

6 


i^£[|/»r» 


A 


30 


8l— -^ 

Spirits 


1 


4 
20 
27 


Speaker* 

EopD«tftiiOB 

X4^9tlinga 


A 


37 


Jkvovg 


m 


23 


ooc\|[>i4ene« 


8 


t 


30 
7 


fjjod* 
iA 


^ 


aa 


parting 




31 

a 




^r 


4 


ii^rumenta 

/ 1 


!• Diggee 


3 


!• 


I ' 












jUt Cat, 


2S 


Coriolanmi 


^ 


aa 


skittlA 










•» - 


1^ 


a 


Orgillomi 


>f 


a 


yippee 


v» Cflfb* 


38 


Titus 


> /- 


14 


''•A 


// 




i\ 


' (^DiggGB 


l^ 


./i.«^^ 









TYPICAL LSTTKRS IN "The Prologut." 
Italio oapitals* (Ca8« 2) 



paga a. 



a font 






b 


font 




•tier LiM 


Word 


Latta 


r 


Llna 


«»rd. 


A 22 


ind 






17 


AP^ 


• 12 


£,ark« 






26 


JgjBholdara 


• 


i^muita 




Calk. 


B 


jipoady 


i 18 


£j&rdaa 




Cat. 


as 


JB^th 


B 20 


Spcpaotrti^a 




X.M. 


1 


w« 


» 4 


J^'augfat 






1 


Ijnn 


« 1 


£r««e« 






21 


^oaka 


a oiggss 10 


a*^ 






S 


IJ,aue 


X 1 


JJla. 






25 


Jbi 


li 27 


](,«apat 






80 


il^a 


1 20 


tov 






81 


^w 


• 1 


^rsillaua 






S 


Sf 


f 1 


£^nrgU 






7 


£«t 


9 « 


J2U»«M 






10 


^uarrall 


ft 6 


&«sall 




I. u. 


8 


4*»afltnuu»a 


i 1 


&e«n« 






5 


S^xty 


« 2 


»»• 






15 


X^alP 


V 10 


jp.th 






5 


l^ra 



a fern 



Lattar 



U 

It 
li 
li 
U 
U 

u 
u 

f 

li 
li 
10 
li 

i 



SbaII Roaan aaall (Caaa S) 



Vard 

Chatj^a 

Tloli^rU 

Dordan 

Trol^ 

C^ataa 

Haljyat 

Hajj^aa 

Tii^ria 

Hal^ 

Trg^Lan 

P£;LaM 

Paria 

Chfj^a* 

Hanaliy^ 



L attar 



b font 
Lina 
li 



Di8««» 



19 

U 

t 

16 
M f 



Diggaa 18 
10 
16 

Diggaa 4 
17 



Ibrd 
HaliAli 

Aiitanoni^ua 

Tai\(|daa 

Sjj^aapearaa 

Tiabilfi 

UanoJ^ua 

Maj|»laua 
t^UffBaxut 

Chatiy^ 

fl|^tford 

ABtaoonldjiia 





a fom 




matter 


Line 


Wori 


A 


Mi 


■!«■»»» 


C 

D 


U 




n 


•• 




M 
P 
T 


• 
u 


JUmaXtuui 

£/9irit 

S^jabrla 



ffYPZCAL LSTSmA IH "Th« Prologua." 
SnaXl Hoaan Capltalt (Casa 6). 

b torn 
Latter Lina 



page Sy 





» 

s 

H 
P 

» 



IS 

xe 



jJlpfeanonidM 




Lorga Rmmui T^attara. (In TitXa) 
(Qata X3) 





a fora 




b fom 




.attar 


Lia» 


Word 


Latter Llntt 


W#r4 


a 
» P. 


TltXa 

N 

a 
« 
w 

". Title X 
TitXa 


ProXogtiy|i 
ProXojg|u« 

PreXogut 
Proljigua 
Shnkaepa^jQi 
Prologjiji 


• TltXa 
h P. A« Title X 
TitXa 

9 M 


QJ^oepeare 

PijllLogua 
PjO>Xogua 






Laxv* flonan CapltaX 


a (In Title) (Case 


14) 




a form 




b fom 




.attar 


him 


nH 


Letter Llae 


Word 


P 


TitXa 

m 


£lpXogua 
2^ 


P 





Large Hoaan InitiaX ^ ^^^ 1**" A 'o*^ 







"THE PRDWaUB." 










Raferaace nuai)ar« to letiero 


takan froo ether plaoaa, 


1 


Hjw 




Cfr 


yora 


J!:££a. 

C«l 


5 


Wopi, 






^■•dy 




» 






Cat. 


23 


£eath 




1 






I. M. 


X 


iSL 




B 






Dig. 


10 


11**^ 




R 






I. Mt 


8 


^e-enferanoe 




ot 




Idb 


X. H. 


6 


Ag!5« 




oi 




b« 


I. M. 


4 


Speq^atera 




it 




^ 


wg. 


9 


n' 




!• 




Vb 


Dig. 


1 


10 


^ 




M 


Dig. 


18 


j'S-xx 


U 


aa 




•ft 


Gat. 


35 


Cerielanjtf 


19 


aa 




» 


Oflck. 


U 


TitHf 


14 


R 






Dig. 


f 


8^^eq>earas 


16 


• 






Dig. 


18 


Rgaana 


17 


« 






Dig. 


4 


Stratford 


U 


h 






P. A. 


Tit. X 


S^eqpoara 


If 


r 






P. A. 


" X 


Shake ipeiyC* 



TTPICAL LETTERS IN "A CATALOOVE" 
It alio Capitals (Gasa 2) 
a fara b fom 



Latter 


Line 


Word 




28 


Andronioua 
Barka 


• Pra 


13 




29 


Oaaaar 




19 


Death 




5 


Arroura 




17 


Fir^ 




a 


^eittlaaen 




It 


ITenry 


I Pra 


1 


Ilea 




15 


B.ng 




3S 


l^lfa 




9 


isiarohant 




13 


fight 


Pra 


3 


OrgillouB 




16 


E chard 




U 


^rav 




11 


Taming 




S8 


Tanloo 




9 


%uaa 




a fom 


i 

HALIG 


]4*tter 


Si"* 


^rtr 




30 


Ii«o£ath 




18 


Sa^nd 




81 


^^aga^ 




30 


Uaob«th 


# ^ 


31 
U 


mm 

•I 




38 


OthaUa 




If 


X4f» 




10 
38 
38 
31 
8S 
23 
34 


Lij^a 




CthaJ^lo 




Tijs»n 




Hajgry 
J2,art 




Claopata^ 


/ 


8 
10 
11 


j^a 




3f 
18 
15 
17 


Julias 


J Pra 


2^t 
Bi^-gatad 




Hanix 



iter 


Line 


Ward V 


I Pre 


17 


iP^ 


B 


35 


|ritalna 


C 


8 


G^omady 


D 


38 


Death 


I 


13 


?nd« 


f 


80 


Tlt/K 


Pra 


31 


areaka 


H 


24 


^onry 


I 


87 


|uliat 


K 


33 


Lear 


L 


82 


M 


38 


^ora 


M Pra 


81 


Fow 





83 


^heXla 


R I.M. 


8 


Ee-eixtraaca 


8 Pra 


8 


sixty 


I 


17 


"Tha 


Y Dig 


19 


Volurna 


W 


I 


findaor 


* 






isa 1| 


b fom 




Letter 


Liaa 


Ward 


a 


18 


tdigt 


* Pro< 


19 


j^raua 


a 


88 


Voiiij^a 


d 


18 


St^t 


• 


IS 


Athj|,iia 


t 


18 


•t 


f 


18 


Kins, 


h 


18 


nis£rt 


1 


89 


Gx^j^toina 


^ Pro 8 


ransaejj^e 


1 


14 


Tqj^a 


■ 


^ 


Ti^ag 


B 


31 


Bacejfl 


a 


18 


SLt 


» 


84 


CXeo2,atar 


t 

/ 


88 


oara 
Cat?ar 


• 


U 


Had! 


t 


38 


/4haiia 


tt 


9 


Erra^ra 


w 


3 


\T» 


X 


23 


BijEi 


y 


34 


Anthosgt 



TYPICAL LETTERS IN "A CATALOOWB." 



Page 2 



Uedium Roaan Small (Oase 9) 





a form 




Latiar 


Line 


Word 




Tit. 3 


aauerall 




- 3 


and 




" 3 


tha 




• 3 


or 




" 3 


t£a 




• 3 


(^madiea 


IP. A. 


m 5 


^1 




" 3 


CoMdieB 


a P. A. 


H 6 


PrTncipall 




" 2 


Comedi ea 




" 2 


aTuralli 


/ 


" 2 


/•l?aU 




" 2 


Cooadieia 


t Dig 


« 2 


tha "" 




a fors 


•.•MM 

Vmdi 


Latter 


Line 


lord 


e 


Tit. 2 


£oiBadiaa 


I 


" 8 


^Btoriaa 


f 


" 3 


^ragediaa 
tea 




a, f era 


««k 


Latter 


Line 


Word 




Tit S 


eontained 




' » 3 


contaiuud 




" 3 


Tontained^ 




•• 3 


TragadiwB 




» 3 


Tri^adiTe 




" 3 


thla 




• 3 


in 




•• 3 


7a|fttM 




-* 3 


falujM 




'« 3 


eostainad 




"■- 3 


oontainad 




» 3 


tSla 




• 3 


thia 




• 3 


Voluaa 







b 


fora 




Latter 




Line 


Word 


A 




Tit 


3 


Tra^ediea 


4 




n 


3 


Ceioediaa 


• 




M 


3 


Iiiot7rijyi 


f 




H 


M 


... 


hP. 


A. 


n 


5 


the 


i 




M 


2 


!^8toriaa 


1 




:i 


3 


seurflj^ 


■ P. 


A. 


H 


2 


Co^diaa 


n 




'"• 


8 


afid 


a P. 


A. 


It 


i 


Cornediaa 


r 




H 


8 


lC3to£ia« 


/ 




.> 


4N 


^r— 


• P. 


A. 


■ f 


« 


Coriedia£ 


% 




'1 


2 


ih© 


« 




•( 


3 


aeurall 


i Capitala 


(Gase 10) 








b 


font 




Latter 




Line 


Word 


6 






... 


mm 


B 






-«• 


mm 


f 






•■*• 


— 


Snail (Case 7^ 


1 








b fora 


Lett er 


Liiia 


, Word 


a 






,« 


-. 


a 


P. 




Tit ] 


\ according 


d 






- 1 


1 Trage^iea 


• 






- 1 


1 eotitainsd 


S 


P. 


A. 


" i 


1 Trng.edieB 


h 


P. 


A. 


" J 


) t^eaa 


i 






• 


J thia 


1 


P. 


A. 


• J 


1 True^ 


■ 


I. 


li. 


- ] 


, aaigoria 


B 






" 3 


1 ta 









" J 


1 Vj^luaa 


a 


P. 


'\. 




1 Tragedies, 


t 


P. 


A. 


H 

i 


i 9«1 


tt 






mm 


m-m 



« 


torn 






1 ttter 


Lisa 




Word 


A 


Sub- 


tltls 


TR^XDIES 







H 


OK-^aM 


D 

B 








a 






TRi'iSDIKS 


H 






iiii;7oi-iiS8 


I 
M 







CO SD]^ 
HIjTORIKS 


It 

8 Dig. 


• 
Titl« S 


JHAKSSPEARK 


f 


Siib-tltl* 


nI3T0RI» 


T 


Tit.x« a 


loluus 



TYPICAL L^rrrSRS III "A CWALOOWE* 
Small Roman Capitals (Oas&S) 

b fers 
Letter 
A 

a 

D 
B 
9 
H 

X 

II 

e 
s 

T 
V 



Page 8 



Line 



Word 



Sub-title C^MEDIBB 



co'.asrsiM 



T^aOSDISS 
HIT^ORI^ 



Large Ronau Gapitale. (Case 15) 
a form b fom 



Letter 


Line 


Word 


Letter Line 


urord 




Title I 


A 




A 


Title 1 


:.MALOGVE 













* 1 


^^Ir.xoovB 






•. 




1 


* X 


CAXiLOa^ 




1 
1 


CAI.'iLCgyE 
CiaALOpVK 






I. 




" 1 


CATJ^jOCVB 






s«>« 




f 


" 1 


C/^ALOOYE 






«i»M 




T 


! 1 


zMsi^oajz 


Small Italic (Case 


1) 


OigraidM 




Midi urn Kenan £ 


auill (Case ! 


di- 


r» 




di- 








graph 


Lin© 


Word 


graph 




Line 


Word 


17 


Jli/t 


&. 




Title S 


ffi^orlw 


i 


20 


JlJtA 


Large 


Roma^ initial £ - 


a form 


1 


28 


] 

parting 






ae 


b fcna 




25 


Teq?^ 
Ceriolanu* 


A* 


in 


Diphthong 
Caesar Line 29 




!* 


29 


Julirj£ 










'y? 


2i 


Titue 












7 


Lost 











"I CATJJLOOVB* 
Ref •ranoa nu«b«rs to lettara iak«n from other plaoos* 



No. 



Lett or 



Caso 



ror|i 



rroB 



Lias 



Wor4 



X 
t 
t 
4 
S 
< 

« 
f 

10 
U 
12 
IS 
U 
15 
16 
17 
18 
19 
30 

ai 

28 
28 
24 
25 

26 
27 
28 



)l 
X 

u 

a 

8 

• 

8 
1 

m 
A 
B 

a 

z 

N 


K 

S 

▼ 
b 



7* 





P. A. 


Tit 


. 5 


tho 




P. A. 


n 


5 


^ 




P. A. 


n 


2 


Jo^ediOB 




P. A. 


n 


5 


Poiaoipall 




Dig. 


M 


3 


3fL«B:SPEARE 




P. A. 


m 


3 


according 




P. A. 


M 


3 


Tra^dioo 
Tru»y 




P. A. 


N 


3 




I. V,. 


« 


1 


rnerorio 




Pro 




17 


AivT 




Pro 




12 


iHrko 




Pro 




21 


(Treeko 




Pre 




1 


n«o 




Pro 




31 


'-ov 




Pro 




2 


cVgillouo 




I. M. 




• 


Re><3ntraaoo 




Pro. 




5 


|ixty 




Dig. 




19 


Vol\UMO 




Pro 




15 


bTftttO 




Pro 




8 


rnnoaojce 




Pro 




15 


six-gatod 


b« 


Pro 




88 


y^^tiag 




P. A. 


Tit 


2 


CcjuediOf 




P. A. 


m 


2 


OetMdio^ 




Di< 


Tit 


2 


tho 




P. A. 


Tit 


6 


%••• 




P. A. 


n 


8 


FTayo£ 




P. A. 


N 


3 


"1 



TfpiCA. LHTTSRS IN TRINCII^AU. ACTOHS." 
Ztalle (Case 3) 



bt«r 



Digraph 



T» 



fl' 



u 

II 



a foni 

X2R 
3L 

XIR 
9R 

12L 
8L 

XOL 

lOL 
IL 
«R 
U* 
4L 
«R 

8a 

9R 
UR 
SL 
5L 
IR 

7L 



LiM 

m 

9R 

«• 

a 



Word 

Bur^adg* 

Richard 

fienfiel^ 

SaaujiJL 

Burbadgji 

Ric;]^^ 

R^jBhard 

Sht^stpoar* 

Nioho^as 

Augutti^ 
Robert 

Robayrt 
Robli^n 

LojfLn* 



Lottar 



/ 



b fom 
Lin* 

, IR 
8R 

lan 

8L 
SR 
7L 
SR 

as. 

13L 
XO 1. 

7R 

411 

6R 

5L 

2L 

8R 

4R 

xaL 

9L 



Digraph! Ztalio (Oase 3) 



Vord 

Thomm^ 

NioheXu 

BanfJ^aXd 

UJ^am 

lii;LiaB 

SaHual^ 

CendfU 

H 



Digraph 

// 

II 

A 
A 



Lin* 
XL 
X2L 

n 

4L 



Word 

HkjIpiaX 
Rob^eri 

Rioharj^ 

Und^Sprood 

Gaorg^ 

Jo^ 

R^^chard 

Cooj;a 

Cewlj 

liXXii^ 

Nathi^ 

Nioh£pias 

Kaaggt 

Bi^adga 

Itt^han 

AXi{2fUxder 
IXx* 



Word 
Shake^eart 

Cr^/7« 
SeoX^^M 

Aug\i^iM 



'/ ' 



Ronan(eaaa 7) 
Tit. I 






TYWC.tt, LSrTKRS IN TRINGIPALL ACTORS* 
a fem b fora 



L«tt«r 



Tit. 



G^. 



« 
<* 
M 
H 

M 
N 
M 

n 
n 
n 

« 



Lait«r 

t 



a fom 



I.iai 



Latior 



Tit 6 



a S»tu 

Una 

m 

UL 



W^vd 



Latter 



Una 



3c9all Ranan (Cass 8) 



b fern 



£;Layaa 



Latiar Lina 



Italio (Cass 4) 



j^badga 

—«»■■■ 

QjSBMJLa^B 

]ij»«lna 



Latter 

▲ 



I 
.F 

a 

8 
Z 
K 
h 

S 



b fom 

Lina 

7L 
8L 
7R 

lot 

8L 
IL 
SL 
411 



Page a 



Tltori 



Pl^aa 


• 






M— .•• 


i^oording 


t 


Tit. 


t 9 


aojiprding 


Tragedies 


M 




aooori^ng 


Tn^y 




It 




thesA 


Xorth 








•jEadiea 




n 




aeoordii^ 


fort^ 


M 




tJiesa 


Trasedisa 


M 




aeoord^pg 


Playet 


M 




Tru^ijr 


acoordi^s 




M 




^a 


aewrding 




M 




^SL 


first 

/sT 


/ 


M 




Tj^godiea 


Tragadioji 




«t 




PXaye^ 


JiJM±T 


<• 




Hi 


Trjjfily 




N 






PX^aa 




It 







l»rA 



Vbrd 



J^an 

£pndaU 

giselestoaa 

]2,eug)i 
jgsnry 
vg^LUaa 

&•** 
Jl)rtluui 



a fern 



Letter 

P 
R 

f 


w 



Une 
3R 
6L 
ZR 
12R 
6R 
SR 
Si. 



» form 



Letter 
A 

a 
I 

L Pro 
M 

Pro 
R 



Letter 



«^ 



Lino 

Tit, 4 

•» 4 

*♦ 4 

30 

" 4 

3 

" 4 



a fona 

Line 

Titl 
• 1 



/ 

■ 



X 
X 

X 
X 
X 
X 



X 
X 
X 



TYPICAL L!?TT;:R8 IH "PRINCIiUttJ. ACTORS," 
Italic (Case 4) Continued* 

b fom 
Line 



Page 9 



Word 

Ostler 

£|oope 

Jlobort 

^^lanoke 

Upoley^ 

^ndonvood 

«ilUaa 



Letter 

9 
R 

T 
V 
WI. M. 



Ztalio (Case 3) 



Vord 

ORIOIKJi 

0RX2;cHAUu a 

OH^piNALL I 
j^Lka (reversed^ 

ORIGZJi/aX M 

J2n(i3.1ou8 

C^aiHALL R 



Lettar 
A Dig, 



Pre 
Pre. 



aL 
XL 
SR 

Yit X 



b for*- 

Line 
U 

X 

Tit 4 
3X 
it 4 

a 



Pre 
!.■• 

Large heoan (Case 13) 
b fera 



Vbrd 



Letter 




Shakemee^ 
ahaktg^earo 



/ 



Lino 

Tit. X 

• X 

• X 

•• X 

•^ X 



- X 

« X 
" X 



Word 



^ehard 
^^Mkeflpearo 



Word 

j2,reeko 

jyLea (ravereed)^^ 

oiuuiH/y^ 
Jiov 

SjnaiN.'OJ. 
|^e»«»ntranoe 



^rd 

£>hakft8^eypO 
Shakeepeai^ 

bjgyftkespeare 

Villj^ 

&lu^eq>e«r« 



if 

l»hakeq2.«u« 
lko£ke0 



Initial Uoouta J^ Ltao XL— a f ona 
^ ^rd(rQveraed)iiuiicated that in the source from ehioh lettar was taken it ia 



of the oiiposite olasa* 



L«tt«r 
V 



'L«t' 



•r 



Oig, 



Dig 



• font 
Lin* 

nti 

" X 

" 1 



«\ for* 

Tit. a 

- s 

•• 3 

" a 

'• 5 

" a 

* a 
" a 

- B 

" a 

" 8 

* a 

- 8 

* a 



iY?i'za. LFms'.s III •nTjiiinr'.^LL actors," 

Large RenaiiCCaao 14) 



Page 4 



Word 

[oq>ear« 



re 



Lett ar 
S 

T 

W 



ttadiuM Renan (Case 0) 



Word 

deoeaeed 

Hiatorijgi 

hi.. 

Geauidlet 

Pri^olpall 

o^ttalniag 

PriAotjaell 

HiBtoj^ea 

Aotor£ 



Latter 



Cat. 



b font 
Line 



Tit. 1 



b ton 
Line 

Sit. a 
" a 

- a 

- B 

" a 

" 8 

" a 

- 8 

" a 

- a 

•• a 

- a 

- • 



Word 



j^m. 



Ward 

j^ntoioiog 

CoQ^ea 

Naa^a 

ooittiliniqi^ 

tija 

Historic 

Hajsae 

C^nediea 

HiatoxjLee 
Historieji 



Digraph e Uadiua Hoaaa (Case 9) 



Tit. a 



Digrai^ 

1^ 


Lin* 
•lit B 


Word Digraph 


U 


•* B 


Frincip^ /& 

; — ' 

fjodium Roaan (eaaa 10) 



Word 

•^ 

Hl/£o riea 



Latter 

k 
Q 

H 
M 

F 
T 



a fern 

)<»iae 
Tit 8 

* 8 



lord 



^orMdiee 

S^Latorie© 
aiaea 

2)i« 



Letter 

A 
C 
H 

H 

P 
T 



b fom 
Lisa 



WoH 



Tit. 8 F^^ndpall 



-PRIHCIPALL AOPORS." 
Reforenao nus^ora to loiter* taken frota other plaooa. 



No. Latter Cae* Fom 



r 
« 

s 

I 

9 
X 

I* z 

» K 8 

10 8 

11 R 8 

la « « 



FroM 



LiM 



Word, 





Cat. Tit. 


a 


Hiatojc^ott 




Dig. - 


s 


1^0 




C«t " 


3 


•gjMliea 




1. M. 


Title 


1 




Dig. 

Pro. 


U 


igo 




Pro. 


1 


Iplos *• 




Pro. 


ao 


J^ko • 




Pro. 


«i 


j^w 




Pro. 


a 


j|{^llv'-t» 




B. U. 


6 


^o-on* raiuM 


« 


Dig. Tit. 


3 


dej|{,ea&ed 



^ lord ( reversed) iiuiloatco t at in the aoueee frota «^dan ine loiter v.:>.^ ttkken 
it is of the cppctfite class* 



/C^1i 




^ 



C 49 89 ^1 



"> 































^°-n#.. 



<4. 








° ,^°-nK. *. 




<> *' .. 






<s°^ - 








S°^ 






'' (^ o 










1^ . » • 











* c » V ' 



^oV 



































































o » 









0^ ,.'-/. "^O 




■^^ 



<</• 















' ^.. ^^" . 



^ot.-^ 



*^ ** 




^^•n*.. V 














r-^*. 





V .^'^^c^i. V .^\':fe;', - .^-^\.-^<.X. .°.:*^i 



